Synchronous inhibitory pathways create both efficiency and diversity in the retina.

Autor:	Manu M; Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94035., McIntosh LT; Neuroscience Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94035., Kastner DB; Neuroscience Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94035., Naecker BN; Neuroscience Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94035., Baccus SA; Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94035; baccus@stanford.edu.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America [Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A] 2022 Jan 25; Vol. 119 (4).
DOI:	10.1073/pnas.2116589119
Abstrakt:	Sensory receptive fields combine features that originate in different neural pathways. Retinal ganglion cell receptive fields compute intensity changes across space and time using a peripheral region known as the surround, a property that improves information transmission about natural scenes. The visual features that construct this fundamental property have not been quantitatively assigned to specific interneurons. Here, we describe a generalizable approach using simultaneous intracellular and multielectrode recording to directly measure and manipulate the sensory feature conveyed by a neural pathway to a downstream neuron. By directly controlling the gain of individual interneurons in the circuit, we show that rather than transmitting different temporal features, inhibitory horizontal cells and linear amacrine cells synchronously create the linear surround at different spatial scales and that these two components fully account for the surround. By analyzing a large population of ganglion cells, we observe substantial diversity in the relative contribution of amacrine and horizontal cell visual features while still allowing individual cells to increase information transmission under the statistics of natural scenes. Established theories of efficient coding have shown that optimal information transmission under natural scenes allows a diverse set of receptive fields. Our results give a mechanism for this theory, showing how distinct neural pathways synthesize a sensory computation and how this architecture both generates computational diversity and achieves the objective of high information transmission. Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interest. (Copyright © 2022 the Author(s). Published by PNAS.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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