Analysis of Microbial Communities: An Emerging Tool in Forensic Sciences.

Autor: Gouello A; Institut de Recherche Criminelle de la Gendarmerie Nationale, 95037 Cergy-Pontoise, France.; Bacterial Infection and Chronic Infection, INSERM U1047, Department of Microbiology and Hospital Infection, University Hospital Nîmes, Université de Montpellier, 30908 Nimes, France., Dunyach-Remy C; Bacterial Infection and Chronic Infection, INSERM U1047, Department of Microbiology and Hospital Infection, University Hospital Nîmes, Université de Montpellier, 30908 Nimes, France., Siatka C; Ecole de l'ADN, Université Nîmes, 30021 Nimes, France., Lavigne JP; Bacterial Infection and Chronic Infection, INSERM U1047, Department of Microbiology and Hospital Infection, University Hospital Nîmes, Université de Montpellier, 30908 Nimes, France.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) [Diagnostics (Basel)] 2021 Dec 21; Vol. 12 (1). Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Dec 21.
DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12010001
Abstrakt: The objective of forensic sciences is to find clues in a crime scene in order to reconstruct the scenario. Classical samples include DNA or fingerprints, but both have inherent limitations and can be uninformative. Another type of sample has emerged recently in the form of the microbiome. Supported by the Human Microbiome Project, the characteristics of the microbial communities provide real potential in forensics. They are highly specific and can be used to differentiate and classify the originating body site of a human biological trace. Skin microbiota is also highly specific and different between individuals, leading to its possibility as an identification tool. By extension, the possibilities of the microbial communities to be deposited on everyday objects has also been explored. Other uses include the determination of the post-mortem interval or the analysis of soil communities. One challenge is that the microbiome changes over time and can be influenced by many environmental and lifestyle factors. This review offers an overview of the main methods and applications to demonstrate the benefit of the microbiome to provide forensically relevant information.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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