Correlations between Diabetes Mellitus Self-Care Activities and Glycaemic Control in the Adult Population: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Autor: Popoviciu MS; Department of Internal Medicine II, Diabetes Mellitus, Clinical County Emergency Hospital of Oradea, 410167 Oradea, Romania.; Department of Medical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania., Marin VN; Department of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania., Vesa CM; Department of Internal Medicine II, Diabetes Mellitus, Clinical County Emergency Hospital of Oradea, 410167 Oradea, Romania.; Department of Medical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania., Stefan SD; Department of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania.; National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 'Prof N.C. Paulescu', 020475 Bucharest, Romania., Stoica RA; Department of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania., Serafinceanu C; Department of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania.; National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 'Prof N.C. Paulescu', 020475 Bucharest, Romania., Merlo EM; Department of Human and Pediatric Pathology 'Gaetano Barresi', University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy., Rizvi AA; Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA.; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29209, USA., Rizzo M; Department of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania.; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29209, USA.; Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (Promise), School of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy., Busnatu S; Department of Cardiology, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania., Stoian AP; Department of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania.; National Institute of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, 'Prof N.C. Paulescu', 020475 Bucharest, Romania.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) [Healthcare (Basel)] 2022 Jan 17; Vol. 10 (1). Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Jan 17.
DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10010174
Abstrakt: Although it is well known that lifestyle changes can affect plasma glucose levels, there is little formal evidence for the sustained effectiveness of exercise and diet in diabetes mellitus (DM) management. Self-care in DM refers to the real-life application of the knowledge that the patient gained during the education programmes. The goals are to bring about changes in the patient's behaviour, thus improving glycaemic control. We evaluated the influence of DM self-care activities (SCA) on glycaemic control in a total of 159 patients with DM. Plasma glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were used to monitor glycaemic control, while SCA were assessed using the standardised Diabetes Self-Management Questionnaire (DSMQ). In our study, 53% of the patients had a HbA1c ≥ 7%. In univariate linear regression models, a statistically significant inverse association was observed between the HbA1c (the dependent variable) and both the DSMQ Dietary Control Score (R2 = 0.037, p = 0.0145) and the DSMQ Sum Score (R2 = 0.06, p = 0.0014). The mean absolute change in the HbA1c% associated with one standard deviation (SD) change in the DSMQ Sum Score, independent of the other significant variables retained in the compacted multivariate regression model, was -0.419% (confidence interval: 95%: from -0.18 to -0.65). Although the impact of the DSMQ Score was modest when compared to the other independent variables in the multivariate model, the findings emphasise the importance of maintaining optimal lifestyle changes to avoid hyperglycaemia and its complications. In conclusion, enhanced self-management of DM is associated with improved glucose control. In patients with chronic diseases such as DM, the role of streamlining SCA encompassing physical activity and proper dietary choices is imperative because of a significantly reduced access to healthcare globally as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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