Substituent Effects Impact Surface Charge and Aggregation of Thiophenol-Labeled Gold Nanoparticles for SERS Biosensors.

Autor: File N; Sanguine Diagnostics and Therapeutics Inc., Omaha, NE 68106, USA.; School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, UK., Carmicheal J; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA., Krasnoslobodtsev AV; Department of Physics, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182, USA., Japp NC; Sanguine Diagnostics and Therapeutics Inc., Omaha, NE 68106, USA., Souchek JJ; Sanguine Diagnostics and Therapeutics Inc., Omaha, NE 68106, USA., Chakravarty S; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA., Hollingsworth MA; Sanguine Diagnostics and Therapeutics Inc., Omaha, NE 68106, USA.; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.; Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.; Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA., Sasson AA; Sanguine Diagnostics and Therapeutics Inc., Omaha, NE 68106, USA.; Department of Surgery, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA., Natarajan G; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA., Kshirsagar PG; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA., Jain M; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA., Hayashi C; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA., Junker WM; Sanguine Diagnostics and Therapeutics Inc., Omaha, NE 68106, USA.; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA., Kaur S; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA., Batra SK; Sanguine Diagnostics and Therapeutics Inc., Omaha, NE 68106, USA.; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.; Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.; Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Biosensors [Biosensors (Basel)] 2022 Jan 05; Vol. 12 (1). Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Jan 05.
DOI: 10.3390/bios12010025
Abstrakt: SERS immunoassay biosensors hold immense potential for clinical diagnostics due to their high sensitivity and growing interest in multi-marker panels. However, their development has been hindered by difficulties in designing compatible extrinsic Raman labels. Prior studies have largely focused on spectroscopic characteristics in selecting Raman reporter molecules (RRMs) for multiplexing since the presence of well-differentiated spectra is essential for simultaneous detection. However, these candidates often induce aggregation of the gold nanoparticles used as SERS nanotags despite their similarity to other effective RRMs. Thus, an improved understanding of factors affecting the aggregation of RRM-coated gold nanoparticles is needed. Substituent electronic effects on particle stability were investigated using various para-substituted thiophenols. The inductive and resonant effects of functional group modifications were strongly correlated with nanoparticle surface charge and hence their stability. Treatment with thiophenols diminished the negative surface charge of citrate-stabilized gold nanoparticles, but electron-withdrawing substituents limited the magnitude of this diminishment. It is proposed that this phenomenon arises by affecting the interplay of competing sulfur binding modes. This has wide-reaching implications for the design of biosensors using thiol-modified gold surfaces. A proof-of-concept multiplexed SERS biosensor was designed according to these findings using the two thiophenol compounds with the most electron-withdrawing substitutions: NO 2 and CN.
Databáze: MEDLINE