The prevalence and incidence of HIV in the ART era (2006-2016) in North West Tanzania.

Autor:	Mosha NR; Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, 121470Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.; Mwanza Intervention Trials Unit, Mwanza, Tanzania.; 119151National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza Centre, Mwanza, Tanzania., Todd J; 119151National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza Centre, Mwanza, Tanzania.; Department of Population Health, 4906London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK., Mukerebe C; 119151National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza Centre, Mwanza, Tanzania., Marston M; Department of Population Health, 4906London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK., Colombe S; 25545Public Health Agency of Sweden, Solna, Sweden., Clark B; Department of Population Health, 4906London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK., Beard J; Department of Population Health, 4906London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK., Mtenga B; 119151National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza Centre, Mwanza, Tanzania., Slaymaker E; Department of Population Health, 4906London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK., Boerma T; University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada., Zaba B; Department of Population Health, 4906London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK., Urassa M; 119151National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza Centre, Mwanza, Tanzania.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	International journal of STD & AIDS [Int J STD AIDS] 2022 Mar; Vol. 33 (4), pp. 337-346. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Jan 18.
DOI:	10.1177/09564624211065232
Abstrakt:	Background: Sub-Saharan countries bear a disproportionate percentage of HIV infections and HIV-related deaths despite the efforts to strengthen HIV prevention and treatments services, including ART. It is important to demonstrate how these services have contributed to reducing the epidemic using available population data. Methods: We estimated the prevalence and incidence rates from a cohort running over 23 years in Magu District, Mwanza Region-North West Tanzania. Adults 15 years and over who were residents of the Kisesa observational HIV cohort study between 2006 and 2016 were eligible for inclusion. Survival analysis was used to calculate person-time at risk, incidence rates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Cox regression models were used for the risk factor analyses disaggregated by sex and age group. Results: The HIV prevalence in the sero-surveys decreased from 7.2% in 2006/07 to 6.6% in 2016, with a notable decrease of over 50% for both men and women aged 15-24 years. The incidence rate for HIV was estimated to be 5.5 (95% CI 4.6-6.6) per 1,000 person-years in women compared to 4.6 (95% CI 3.5-5.8) in men, with a decrease over time. Despite the availability of ART services, the uptake is still small. Conclusions: New infections are still occurring, with high HIV incidence in individuals aged below 45 years. With new guidelines and the 95-95-95 UNAIDS target, prevalence and incidence must be adequately assessed. In addition, there is a need for additional efforts to assess the impact of HIV/AIDS prevention programmes and intervention services, especially in these areas where resources are limited.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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