Altered stress responses in adults born by Caesarean section.

Autor:	Dinan TG; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland., Kennedy PJ; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland., Morais LH; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland., Murphy A; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.; Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Cork, Ireland., Long-Smith CM; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland., Moloney GM; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland., Bastiaanssen TFS; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland., Allen AP; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland., Collery A; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland., Mullins D; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland., Cusack AM; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland., Berding K; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland., O'Toole PW; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.; Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Cork, Ireland., Clarke G; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland., Stanton C; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.; Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Cork, Ireland., Cryan JF; APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Neurobiology of stress [Neurobiol Stress] 2021 Dec 28; Vol. 16, pp. 100425. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Dec 28 (Print Publication: 2022).
DOI:	10.1016/j.ynstr.2021.100425
Abstrakt:	Birth by Caesarean-section (C-section), which increases the risk for metabolic and immune disorders, disrupts the normal initial microbial colonisation of the gut, in addition to preventing early priming of the stress and immune-systems.. Animal studies have shown there are enduring psychological processes in C-section born mice. However, the long-term impact of microbiota-gut-brain axis disruptions due to birth by C-section on psychological processes in humans is unknown. Forty age matched healthy young male university students born vaginally and 36 C-section delivered male students were recruited. Participants underwent an acute stressor, the Trier social stress test (TSST), during a term-time study visit. A subset of participants also completed a study visit during the university exam period, representing a naturalistic stressor. Participants completed a battery of cognitive tests and self-report measures assessing mood, anxiety, and perceived stress. Saliva, blood, and stool samples were collected for analysis of cortisol, peripheral immune profile, and the gut microbiota. Young adults born by C-section exhibit increased psychological vulnerability to acute stress and a prolonged period of exam-related stress. They did not exhibit an altered salivary cortisol awakening response to the TSST, but their measures of positive affect were significantly lower than controls throughout the procedure. Both C-section and vaginally-delivered participants performed equally well on cognitive assessments. Most of the initial effects of delivery mode on the gut microbiome did not persist into adulthood as the gut microbiota profile showed modest changes in composition in adult vaginally-delivered and C-sectioned delivered subjects. From an immune perspective, concentrations of IL-1β and 1L-10 were higher in C-section participants. These data confirm that there is a potential enduring effect of delivery mode on the psychological responses to acute stress during early adulthood. The mental health implications of these observations require further study regarding policies on C-section use. Competing Interests: APC Microbiome Ireland has conducted studies in collaboration with several companies, including GSK, Pfizer, Cremo, Wyeth, Mead Johnson, Nutricia, 4D Pharma, and DuPont. T. G. Dinan has been an invited speaker at meetings organized by Servier, Lundbeck, Janssen, and AstraZeneca and has received research funding from Mead Johnson, Cremo, Nutricia, and 4D Pharma. J. F. Cryan has been an invited speaker at meetings organized by Mead Johnson, Yakult, and Alkermes, and has received research funding from Mead Johnson, Cremo, Nutricia, and IFF. GC has received honoraria from Janssen, Probi and Apsen as an invited speaker, is in receipt of research funding from Pharmavite and Fonterra and is a paid consultant for Yakult and Zentiva. (© 2021 Published by Elsevier Inc.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
Externí odkaz:	Zobrazit plný text záznamu