Specializations of somatosensory innervation in the skin of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae).

Autor: Eldridge SA; Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.; Biology Department, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, Dartmouth, Massachusetts, USA., Mortazavi F; Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA., Rice FL; Integrated Tissue Dynamics, Rensselaer, New York, USA., Ketten DR; Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts, USA., Wiley DN; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration/ National Ocean Service/Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary, Scituate, Massachusetts, USA., Lyman E; Hawaiian Islands Humpback Whale National Marine Sanctuary, Kihei, Hawaii, USA., Reidenberg JS; Center for Anatomy and Functional Morphology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA., Hanke FD; University of Rostock, Institute for Biosciences, Neuroethology, Rostock, Germany., DeVreese S; Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.; Laboratory of Applied Bioacoustics, Technical University of Catalonia, BarcelonaTech, Barcelona, Spain., Strobel SM; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, USA., Rosene DL; Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Anatomical record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007) [Anat Rec (Hoboken)] 2022 Mar; Vol. 305 (3), pp. 514-534. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Jan 13.
DOI: 10.1002/ar.24856
Abstrakt: Cetacean behavior and life history imply a role for somatosensory detection of critical signals unique to their marine environment. As the sensory anatomy of cetacean glabrous skin has not been fully explored, skin biopsy samples of the flank skin of humpback whales were prepared for general histological and immunohistochemical (IHC) analyses of innervation in this study. Histology revealed an exceptionally thick epidermis interdigitated by numerous, closely spaced long, thin diameter penicillate dermal papillae (PDP). The dermis had a stratified organization including a deep neural plexus (DNP) stratum intermingled with small arteries that was the source of intermingled nerves and arterioles forming a more superficial subepidermal neural plexus (SNP) stratum. The patterns of nerves branching through the DNP and SNP that distribute extensive innervation to arteries and arterioles and to the upper dermis and PDP provide a dense innervation associated through the whole epidermis. Some NF-H+ fibers terminated at the base of the epidermis and as encapsulated endings in dermal papillae similar to Merkel innervation and encapsulated endings seen in terrestrial mammals. However, unlike in all mammalian species assessed to date, an unusual acellular gap was present between the perineural sheaths and the central core of axons in all the cutaneous nerves perhaps as mechanism to prevent high hydrostatic pressure from compressing and interfering with axonal conductance. Altogether the whale skin has an exceptionally dense low-threshold mechanosensory system innervation most likely adapted for sensing hydrodynamic stimuli, as well as nerves that can likely withstand high pressure experienced during deep dives.
(© 2022 American Association for Anatomy.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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