Dyslipidemia in age-related macular degeneration.

Autor: Lin JB; Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Mass Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA., Halawa OA; Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Mass Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA., Husain D; Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Mass Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA., Miller JW; Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Mass Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA., Vavvas DG; Retina Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Mass Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. demetrios_vavvas@meei.harvard.edu.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Eye (London, England) [Eye (Lond)] 2022 Feb; Vol. 36 (2), pp. 312-318. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Jan 11.
DOI: 10.1038/s41433-021-01780-y
Abstrakt: Lipid-rich drusen are the sine qua non of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the leading cause of blindness in older adults in the developed world. Efforts directed at uncovering effective therapeutic strategies have led to the hypothesis that altered lipid metabolism may play a pathogenic role in AMD. This hypothesis is supported by the fact that: (1) drusen, the hallmark histopathologic feature of AMD, are composed of lipids, (2) polymorphisms of genes involved in lipid homeostasis are associated with increased odds of AMD, (3) metabolomics studies show that patients with AMD have alterations in metabolites from lipid pathways, and (4) alterations in serum lipid profiles as a reflection of systemic dyslipidemia are associated with AMD. There is strong evidence that statins, which are well described for treating dyslipidemia and reducing risk associated with cardiovascular disease, may have a role for treating certain cohorts of AMD patients, but this has yet to be conclusively proven. Of interest, the specific changes in serum lipoprotein profiles associated with decreased cardiovascular risk (i.e., high HDL levels) have been shown in some studies to be associated with increased risk of AMD. In this review, we highlight the evidence that supports a role for altered lipid metabolism in AMD and provide our perspective regarding the remaining questions that need to be addressed before lipid-based therapies can emerge for specific cohorts of AMD patients.
(© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Royal College of Ophthalmologists.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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