| Autor: |
Tolo IE; Minnesota Aquatic Invasive Species Research Center, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.; Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology, College of Food, Agriculture and Natural Resource Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA., Bajer PG; Minnesota Aquatic Invasive Species Research Center, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.; Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology, College of Food, Agriculture and Natural Resource Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA., Wolf TM; Department of Veterinary Population Medicine and Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA., Mor SK; Minnesota Aquatic Invasive Species Research Center, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.; Department of Veterinary Population Medicine and Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA., Phelps NBD; Minnesota Aquatic Invasive Species Research Center, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.; Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology, College of Food, Agriculture and Natural Resource Sciences, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA. |
| Abstrakt: |
Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3) is the etiological agent of koi herpesvirus disease (KHVD) and important pathogen of aquaculture and wild populations of common carp worldwide. Understanding the relative contributions of direct and indirect transmission of CyHV-3 as well as the factors that drive CyHV-3 transmission can clarify the importance of environmental disease vectors and is valuable for informing disease modeling efforts. To study the mechanisms and factors driving CyHV-3 transmission we conducted infection trials that determined the kinetics of KHVD and the contributions of direct and indirect forms of CyHV-3 transmission, as well as the contributions of contact rate, viral load, pathogenicity and contact type. The incubation period of KHVD was 5.88 + 1.75 days and the symptomatic period was 5.31 + 0.87 days. Direct transmission was determined to be the primary mechanism of CyHV-3 transmission (OR = 25.08, 95%CI = 10.73-99.99, p = 4.29 × 10 - 18 ) and transmission primarily occurred during the incubation period of KHVD. Direct transmission decreased in the symptomatic period of disease. Transmissibility of CyHV-3 and indirect transmission increased during the symptomatic period of disease, correlating with increased viral loads. Additionally, potential virulence-transmission tradeoffs and disease avoidance behaviors relevant to CyHV-3 transmission were identified. |
