Biodiversity and vector-borne diseases: Host dilution and vector amplification occur simultaneously for Amazonian leishmaniases.

Autor: Kocher A; Laboratoire Évolution et Diversité Biologique (UMR5174 EDB), CNRS, IRD, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.; Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Ecologie, Génétique, Evolution et Contrôle (UMR224 MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier, IRD, CNRS, Montpellier, France.; Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, France.; Transmission, Infection, Diversification & Evolution Group (tide), Max-Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Jena, Germany., Cornuault J; Real Jardín Botánico CSIC, Madrid, Spain.; Institut des Sciences de l'Évolution de Montpellier (UMR5554 ISEM), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, EPHE, CIRAD, INRAP, Montpellier, France., Gantier JC; Laboratoire des Identifications Fongiques et Entomo-parasitologiques, Mennecy, France., Manzi S; Laboratoire Évolution et Diversité Biologique (UMR5174 EDB), CNRS, IRD, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France., Chavy A; Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, France.; Tropical Biome and ImmunoPhysiopathology (TBIP), Université de Guyane, Cayenne, France., Girod R; Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, France., Dusfour I; Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, France., Forget PM; Mécanismes Adaptatifs et Evolution (UMR7179 MECADEV), MNHN, CNRS, Brunoy, France., Ginouves M; Tropical Biome and ImmunoPhysiopathology (TBIP), Université de Guyane, Cayenne, France.; Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille (U1019-UMR9017-CIIL), Université de Lille, CNRS, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France., Prévot G; Tropical Biome and ImmunoPhysiopathology (TBIP), Université de Guyane, Cayenne, France.; Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille (U1019-UMR9017-CIIL), Université de Lille, CNRS, Inserm, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France., Guégan JF; Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Ecologie, Génétique, Evolution et Contrôle (UMR224 MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier, IRD, CNRS, Montpellier, France.; Animal, santé, territoires, risques et écosystèmes (UMR1309 ASTRE), INRAE, Cirad, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France., Bañuls AL; Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Ecologie, Génétique, Evolution et Contrôle (UMR224 MIVEGEC), Université de Montpellier, IRD, CNRS, Montpellier, France., de Thoisy B; Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, France.; Association Kwata, Cayenne, France., Murienne J; Laboratoire Évolution et Diversité Biologique (UMR5174 EDB), CNRS, IRD, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Molecular ecology [Mol Ecol] 2023 Apr; Vol. 32 (8), pp. 1817-1831. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Jan 21.
DOI: 10.1111/mec.16341
Abstrakt: Changes in biodiversity may impact infectious disease transmission through multiple mechanisms. We explored the impact of biodiversity changes on the transmission of Amazonian leishmaniases, a group of wild zoonoses transmitted by phlebotomine sand flies (Psychodidae), which represent an important health burden in a region where biodiversity is both rich and threatened. Using molecular analyses of sand fly pools and blood-fed dipterans, we characterized the disease system in forest sites in French Guiana undergoing different levels of human-induced disturbance. We show that the prevalence of Leishmania parasites in sand flies correlates positively with the relative abundance of mammal species known as Leishmania reservoirs. In addition, Leishmania reservoirs tend to dominate in less diverse mammal communities, in accordance with the dilution effect hypothesis. This results in a negative relationship between Leishmania prevalence and mammal diversity. On the other hand, higher mammal diversity is associated with higher sand fly density, possibly because more diverse mammal communities harbor higher biomass and more abundant feeding resources for sand flies, although more research is needed to identify the factors that shape sand fly communities. As a consequence of these antagonistic effects, decreased mammal diversity comes with an increase of parasite prevalence in sand flies, but has no detectable impact on the density of infected sand flies. These results represent additional evidence that biodiversity changes may simultaneously dilute and amplify vector-borne disease transmission through different mechanisms that need to be better understood before drawing generalities on the biodiversity-disease relationship.
(© 2022 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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