Animal mortality during fire.

Autor: Jolly CJ; Institute for Land, Water and Society, School of Environmental Science, Charles Sturt University, Albury, New South Wales, Australia., Dickman CR; National Environmental Science Program Threatened Species Recovery Hub, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia., Doherty TS; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia., van Eeden LM; Department of Environment Land, Water and Planning, Arthur Rylah Institute for Environmental Research, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia., Geary WL; Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, Biodiversity Strategy and Knowledge Branch, Biodiversity Division, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.; Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia., Legge SM; Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia.; Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia.; Fenner School of Environment and Society, The Australian National University, Australian Capital Territory, Canberra, Australia., Woinarski JCZ; Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia.; School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia., Nimmo DG; Institute for Land, Water and Society, School of Environmental Science, Charles Sturt University, Albury, New South Wales, Australia.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Global change biology [Glob Chang Biol] 2022 Mar; Vol. 28 (6), pp. 2053-2065. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Jan 06.
DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16044
Abstrakt: Earth's rapidly warming climate is propelling us towards an increasingly fire-prone future. Currently, knowledge of the extent and characteristics of animal mortality rates during fire remains rudimentary, hindering our ability to predict how animal populations may be impacted in the future. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a global systematic review of the direct effects of fire on animal mortality rates, based on studies that unequivocally determined the fate of animals during fire. From 31 studies spanning 1984-2020, we extracted data on the direct impacts of fire on the mortality of 31 species from 23 families. From these studies, there were 43 instances where direct effects were measured by reporting animal survival from pre- to post-fire. Most studies were conducted in North America (52%) and Oceania (42%), focused largely on mammals (53%) and reptiles (30%), and reported mostly on animal survival in planned (82%) and/or low severity (70%) fires. We found no studies from Asia, Europe or South America. Although there were insufficient data to conduct a formal meta-analysis, we tested the effect of fire type, fire severity, fire regime, animal body mass, ecological attributes and class on survival. Only fire severity affected animal mortality, with a higher proportion of animals being killed by high than low severity fires. Recent catastrophic fires across the globe have drawn attention to the plight of animals exposed to wildfire. Yet, our systematic review suggests that a relatively low proportion of animals (mean predicted mortality [95% CI] = 3% [1%-9%]) are killed during fire. However, our review also underscores how little we currently know about the direct effects of fire on animal mortality, and highlights the critical need to understand the effects of high severity fire on animal populations.
(© 2022 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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