Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Years of Life Lost, Years Lived With Disability, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years for 29 Cancer Groups From 2010 to 2019: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Autor:	Kocarnik JM; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle., Compton K; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle., Dean FE; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle., Fu W; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle., Gaw BL; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle., Harvey JD; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle., Henrikson HJ; Department of Global Health, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts.; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts., Lu D; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle., Pennini A; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle., Xu R; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle., Ababneh E; Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio., Abbasi-Kangevari M; Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Abbastabar H; Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Abd-Elsalam SM; Tropical Medicine Department, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt., Abdoli A; Zoonoses Research Center, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran., Abedi A; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles., Abidi H; Laboratory Technology Sciences Department, Yasouj University, Yasuj, Iran., Abolhassani H; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden.; Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Adedeji IA; Department of Sociology, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria., Adnani QES; Department of Midwifery, Karya Husada Institute of Health Sciences, Kediri, Indonesia.; Department of Midwifery, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand., Advani SM; Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, California.; School of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC., Afzal MS; Department of Life Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan., Aghaali M; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran., Ahinkorah BO; The Australian Centre for Public and Population Health Research, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia., Ahmad S; Foundation University Medical College, Foundation University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan., Ahmad T; Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Southeast University, Nanjing, China., Ahmadi A; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran.; Department of Epidemiology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Ahmadi S; School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Ahmed Rashid T; Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Kurdistan Hewler, Erbil, Iraq., Ahmed Salih Y; Database Technology Department, Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq.; College of Informatics, Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq., Akalu GT; Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology Department, St Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.; Microbial, Cellular and Molecular Biology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Aklilu A; Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia., Akram T; School of Mathematical Sciences, University of Science Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia., Akunna CJ; Department of Public Health, Intercountry Centre for Oral Health for Africa, Jos, Nigeria.; Department of Public Health, Federal Ministry of Health, Garki, Nigeria., Al Hamad H; Geriatric and Long-Term Care Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.; Rumailah Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar., Alahdab F; Mayo Evidence-Based Practice Center, Mayo Clinic Foundation for Medical Education and Research, Rochester, Minnesota., Al-Aly Z; John T. Milliken Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri.; Clinical Epidemiology Center, Department of Veterans Affairs, St Louis, Missouri., Ali S; Department of Information Systems, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman., Alimohamadi Y; Pars Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Alipour V; Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Department of Health Economics, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Aljunid SM; Department of Health Policy and Management, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait.; International Centre for Casemix and Clinical Coding, National University of Malaysia, Bandar Tun Razak, Malaysia., Alkhayyat M; Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio., Almasi-Hashiani A; Department of Epidemiology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran., Almasri NA; Physiotherapy Department, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan., Al-Maweri SAA; College of Dental Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.; Faculty of Dentistry, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen., Almustanyir S; College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.; Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Alonso N; Department of Surgery, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil., Alvis-Guzman N; Research Group in Hospital Management and Health Policies, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla, Colombia.; Research Group in Health Economics, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia., Amu H; Department of Population and Behavioural Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana., Anbesu EW; Department of Public Health, Samara University, Samara, Ethiopia., Ancuceanu R; Pharmacy Department, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania., Ansari F; Research Center for Evidence Based Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.; Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization, Tehran, Iran., Ansari-Moghaddam A; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran., Antwi MH; Clinical Laboratory Department, Ghana Health Service, Kumasi, Ghana.; Department of Molecular Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana., Anvari D; Department of Parasitology, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.; Department of Parasitology, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran., Anyasodor AE; School of Community Health, Charles Sturt University, Orange, New South Wales, Australia., Aqeel M; Department of Psychology, Foundation University Islamabad, Rawalpandi, Pakistan., Arabloo J; Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Arab-Zozani M; Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran., Aremu O; Department of Public Health, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, England., Ariffin H; Department of Paediatrics, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.; University of Malaya Medical Centre, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia., Aripov T; Public Health and Healthcare Management, Tashkent Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education, Tashkent, Uzbekistan.; Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts., Arshad M; Allied Health Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Timergara, Lower Dir, Pakistan., Artaman A; Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates., Arulappan J; Department of Maternal and Child Health, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman., Asemi Z; Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran., Asghari Jafarabadi M; Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.; Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran., Ashraf T; Institute of Radiological Sciences and Medical Imaging Technology, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan., Atorkey P; School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.; Hunter New England Population Health, Wallsend, New South Wales, Australia., Aujayeb A; Northumbria HealthCare National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, NHS England, Newcastle upon Tyne, England., Ausloos M; School of Business, University of Leicester, Leicester, England.; Department of Statistics and Econometrics, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania., Awedew AF; Department of Surgery, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Ayala Quintanilla BP; The Judith Lumley Centre, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.; San Martin de Porres University, Lima, Peru., Ayenew T; Department of Nursing, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia., Azab MA; Department of Neurosurgery, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt., Azadnajafabad S; Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran, Iran., Azari Jafari A; School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran., Azarian G; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran., Azzam AY; Faculty of Medicine, October 6 University, 6th of October City, Egypt., Badiye AD; Department of Forensic Science, Government Institute of Forensic Science, Nagpur, India., Bahadory S; Department of Parasitology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.; Department of Parasitology, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran., Baig AA; Unit of Biochemistry, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia., Baker JL; Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Frederiksberg, Denmark., Balakrishnan S; Department of Medical Microbiology, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia., Banach M; Department of Hypertension, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.; Polish Mothers' Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz, Poland., Bärnighausen TW; Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.; T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts., Barone-Adesi F; Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy., Barra F; Academic Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy., Barrow A; Department of Public and Environmental Health, University of the Gambia, Brikama, The Gambia.; Epidemiology and Disease Control Unit, Ministry of Health, Kotu, The Gambia., Behzadifar M; Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran., Belgaumi UI; Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Karad, India., Bezabhe WMM; University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Victoria, Australia.; Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia., Bezabih YM; Department of Internal Medicine, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.; One Health, University of Nantes, Nantes, France., Bhagat DS; Department of Forensic Chemistry, Government Institute of Forensic Science, Aurangabad, India., Bhagavathula AS; Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Charles University, Hradec Kralova, Czech Republic.; Institute of Public Health, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates., Bhardwaj N; Department of Anatomy, Government Medical College Pali, Pali, India., Bhardwaj P; Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India.; School of Public Health, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India., Bhaskar S; Neurovascular Imaging Laboratory, New South Wales Brain Clot Bank, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.; Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology, South West Sydney Local Heath District and Liverpool Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia., Bhattacharyya K; Department of Statistical and Computational Genomics, National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Kalyani, India.; Department of Statistics, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, India., Bhojaraja VS; Department of Anatomy, Manipal University College Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia., Bibi S; Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan., Bijani A; Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran., Biondi A; Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy., Bisignano C; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle., Bjørge T; Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.; Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway., Bleyer A; Department of Radiation Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland.; McGovern Medical School, University of Texas, Houston., Blyuss O; School of Physics, Engineering and Computer Science, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, England.; Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, England., Bolarinwa OA; Department of Public Health Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa., Bolla SR; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan City, Kazakhstan., Braithwaite D; Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville.; Cancer Population Sciences Program, University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville., Brar A; Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada., Brenner H; Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany., Bustamante-Teixeira MT; Department of Public Health, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil., Butt NS; Department of Family and Community Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia., Butt ZA; School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.; Al Shifa School of Public Health, Al Shifa Trust Eye Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan., Caetano Dos Santos FL; Institute of Microengineering, Federal Polytechnic School of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland., Cao Y; Department of Surgery, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri., Carreras G; Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network, Florence, Italy., Catalá-López F; National School of Public Health, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada., Cembranel F; Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil., Cerin E; Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.; School of Public Health, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China., Cernigliaro A; Regional Epidemiological Observatory Department, Sicilian Regional Health Authority, Palermo, Italy., Chakinala RC; Hospitalist Department, Geisinger Health System, Danville, Pennsylvania., Chattu SK; Department of Public Health, Texila American University, Georgetown, Guyana., Chattu VK; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.; Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha University, Chennai, India., Chaturvedi P; Center for Cancer Epidemiology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Navi Mumbai, India.; Department of Head Neck Surgery, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, India., Chimed-Ochir O; Department of Public Health and Health Policy, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan., Cho DY; Division of Plastic Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle., Christopher DJ; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore, India., Chu DT; Center for Biomedicine and Community Health, VNU International School, Hanoi, Vietnam., Chung MT; Department of Otolaryngology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan., Conde J; Nova Medical School, Nova University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal., Cortés S; Department of Public Health, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.; Research Line in Environmental Exposures and Health Effects at Population Level, Centro de Desarrollo Urbano Sustentable, Santiago, Chile., Cortesi PA; School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan Bicocca, Monza, Italy., Costa VM; Research Unit on Applied Molecular Biosciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal., Cunha AR; Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil., Dadras O; School of Public Health, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.; Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan., Dagnew AB; Department of Nursing, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia., Dahlawi SMA; Environmental Health Department, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia., Dai X; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle.; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle., Dandona L; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle.; Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India.; Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India., Dandona R; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle.; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle.; Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India., Darwesh AM; Department of Information Technology, University of Human Development, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq., das Neves J; Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal., De la Hoz FP; Department of Public Health, National University of Colombia, Bogota, Colombia., Demis AB; Department of Nursing, Woldia University, Woldia, Ethiopia.; School of Nursing, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia., Denova-Gutiérrez E; Center for Nutrition and Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico., Dhamnetiya D; Department of Community Medicine, Dr Baba Saheb Ambedkar Medical College and Hospital, Delhi, India., Dhimal ML; Policy Research Institute, Kathmandu, Nepal.; Global Institute for Interdisciplinary Studies, Kathmandu, Nepal., Dhimal M; Health Research Section, Nepal Health Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal., Dianatinasab M; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.; Department of Epidemiology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran., Diaz D; Center of Complexity Sciences, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico.; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Culiacán Rosales, Mexico., Djalalinia S; Development of Research and Technology Center, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran., Do HP; Center of Excellence in Behavioral Medicine, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam., Doaei S; School of Health, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.; Department of Community Nutrition, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Dorostkar F; Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Dos Santos Figueiredo FW; Epidemiology and Data Analysis Laboratory, University Center Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Santo André, Brazil., Driscoll TR; Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia., Ebrahimi H; Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Liver and Pancreaticobilliary Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Eftekharzadeh S; Division of Urology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania., El Tantawi M; Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health Department, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt., El-Abid H; Direction de L'épidémiologie et la Lutte Contre les Maladies, Ministry of Health, Rabat, Morocco., Elbarazi I; Institute of Public Health, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates., Elhabashy HR; Neurophysiology Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt., Elhadi M; Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya., El-Jaafary SI; Department of Neurology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt., Eshrati B; Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Eskandarieh S; Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Esmaeilzadeh F; Department of Public Health, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran., Etemadi A; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland., Ezzikouri S; Department of Virology, Pasteur Institute of Morocco, Casablanca, Morocco., Faisaluddin M; Department of Internal Medicine, Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, New York., Faraon EJA; Department of Health Policy and Administration, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines., Fares J; Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois., Farzadfar F; Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Feroze AH; Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle.; Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington., Ferrero S; Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy., Ferro Desideri L; University Eye Clinic, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy., Filip I; Psychiatry Department, Kaiser Permanente, Fontana, California.; School of Health Sciences, A.T. Still University, Mesa, Arizona., Fischer F; Institute of Gerontological Health Services and Nursing Research, Ravensburg-Weingarten University of Applied Sciences, Weingarten, Germany., Fisher JL; James Cancer Hospital, Ohio State University, Columbus., Foroutan M; Department of Medical Parasitology, Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran.; Faculty of Medicine, Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran., Fukumoto T; Department of Dermatology, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan., Gaal PA; Health Services Management Training Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.; Department of Applied Social Sciences, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Târgu-Mureş, Romania., Gad MM; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.; Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill., Gadanya MA; Community Medicine Department, Bayero University, Kano, Kano, Nigeria.; Department of Community Medicine, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria., Gallus S; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milan, Italy., Gaspar Fonseca M; National Health Service, London, England., Getachew Obsa A; School of Psychology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia., Ghafourifard M; Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran., Ghashghaee A; Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Ghith N; Research Group for Genomic Epidemiology, Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark., Gholamalizadeh M; Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Gilani SA; Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.; Afro-Asian Institute, Lahore, Pakistan., Ginindza TG; Discipline of Public Health Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa., Gizaw ATT; Health, Behavior and Society, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia., Glasbey JC; National Institute for Health Research Global Health Research Unit on Global Surgery, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, England., Golechha M; Health Systems and Policy Research, Indian Institute of Public Health, Gandhinagar, India., Goleij P; Department of Genetics, Sana Institute of Higher Education, Sari, Iran., Gomez RS; Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil., Gopalani SV; Hudson College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City.; Department of Health and Social Affairs, Government of the Federated States of Micronesia, Palikir, Federated States of Micronesia., Gorini G; Oncological Network, Prevention and Research Institute, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network, Florence, Italy., Goudarzi H; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.; Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan., Grosso G; Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy., Gubari MIM; Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani, Iraq., Guerra MR; Department of Public Health, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil., Guha A; Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio.; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus., Gunasekera DS; Department of Paediatrics, National Cancer Institute, Maharagama, Sri Lanka., Gupta B; Department of Public Health, Torrens University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia., Gupta VB; School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia., Gupta VK; Department of Clinical Medicine, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia., Gutiérrez RA; Department of Epidemiology and Psychosocial Research, Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz National Institute of Psychiatry, Mexico City, Mexico., Hafezi-Nejad N; Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.; School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Haider MR; Department of Social and Public Health, Ohio University, Athens., Haj-Mirzaian A; Department of Pharmacology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Obesity Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Halwani R; Clinical Sciences Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.; College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates., Hamadeh RR; Department of Family and Community Medicine, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain., Hameed S; University Institute of Public Health, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan., Hamidi S; School of Health and Environmental Studies, Hamdan Bin Mohammed Smart University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates., Hanif A; University Institute of Public Health, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan., Haque S; Research & Scientific Studies Unit, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia., Harlianto NI; Faculty of Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.; Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands., Haro JM; Research Unit, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.; Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network, Barcelona, Spain., Hasaballah AI; Department of Zoology and Entomology, Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt., Hassanipour S; Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.; Caspian Digestive Disease Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Hay RJ; International Foundation for Dermatology, London, England.; St John's Institute of Dermatology, King's College London, London, England., Hay SI; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle.; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle., Hayat K; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan.; Department of Pharmacy Administration and Clinical Pharmacy, Xian Jiaotong University, Xian, China., Heidari G; Independent Consultant, Santa Clara, California., Heidari M; Community-Oriented Nursing Midwifery Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran., Herrera-Serna BY; Departamento de Salud Oral, Universidad Autónoma de Manizales, Manizales, Colombia., Herteliu C; Department of Statistics and Econometrics, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania.; School of Business, London South Bank University, London, England., Hezam K; Department of Applied Microbiology, Taiz University, Taiz, Yemen.; Department of Microbiology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China., Holla R; Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India., Hossain MM; Social and Environmental Health Research, Nature Study Society of Bangladesh, Khulna, Bangladesh.; Department of Health Promotion and Community Health Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station., Hossain MBH; Department of Population Sciences, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh., Hosseini MS; Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran., Hosseini M; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Hosseinzadeh M; Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam.; Department of Computer Science, University of Human Development, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq., Hostiuc M; Internal Medicine Department, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania., Hostiuc S; Department of Legal Medicine and Bioethics, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.; Clinical Legal Medicine Department, National Institute of Legal Medicine Mina Minovici, Bucharest, Romania., Househ M; College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar., Hsairi M; Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia., Huang J; Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China., Hugo FN; Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil., Hussain R; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Science Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia., Hussein NR; Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Zakho, Zakho, Iraq., Hwang BF; Department of Occupational Safety and Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan., Iavicoli I; Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy., Ibitoye SE; Department of Health Promotion and Education, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria., Ida F; Pharmacoepidemiology Department, Sanofi, Cambridge, Massachusetts., Ikuta KS; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle.; Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle., Ilesanmi OS; Department of Community Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.; Department of Community Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria., Ilic IM; Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia., Ilic MD; Department of Epidemiology, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia., Irham LM; School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.; Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahmad Dahlan University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia., Islam JY; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida., Islam RM; Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia., Islam SMS; Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia.; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia., Ismail NE; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, MAHSA University, Bandar Saujana Putra, Malaysia., Isola G; Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, University of Catania, Catania, Italy., Iwagami M; Department of Health Services Research, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.; Department of Non-Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England., Jacob L; Research and Development Unit, Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain.; Faculty of Medicine, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France., Jain V; Department of Internal Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio., Jakovljevic MB; Institute of Comparative Economic Studies, Hosei University, Tokyo, Japan.; Department of Global Health, Economics and Policy, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia., Javaheri T; Health Informatic Lab, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts., Jayaram S; Department of Biochemistry, Government Medical College, Mysuru, India., Jazayeri SB; Urology Department, University of Florida, Jacksonville., Jha RP; Department of Community Medicine, Dr Baba Saheb Ambedkar Medical College and Hospital, Delhi, India.; Department of Community Medicine, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India., Jonas JB; Department of Ophthalmology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.; Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Beijing, China., Joo T; Health Services Management Training Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary., Joseph N; Department of Community Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India., Joukar F; Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.; Caspian Digestive Disease Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Jürisson M; Institute of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia., Kabir A; Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Kahrizi D; Department of Genetics, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran., Kalankesh LR; School of Management and Medical Informatics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran., Kalhor R; Institute for Prevention of Non-communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.; Health Services Management Department, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran., Kaliyadan F; Dermatology Department, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia., Kalkonde Y; Public Health Division, Society for Education, Action and Research in Community Health, Gadchiroli, India., Kamath A; Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.; Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India., Kameran Al-Salihi N; Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Kurdistan Hewler, Hewler, Iraq., Kandel H; Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.; Sydney Eye Hospital, South Eastern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia., Kapoor N; Department of Forensic Science, Government Institute of Forensic Science, Nagpur, India., Karch A; Institute for Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany., Kasa AS; Department of Adult Health Nursing, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia., Katikireddi SV; Medical Research Council/Chief Scientist Office Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland., Kauppila JH; Surgery Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.; Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden., Kavetskyy T; Department of Surface Engineering, John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland.; Drohobych Ivan Franko State Pedagogical University, Drohobych, Ukraine., Kebede SA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Gondar, Gondar, Faroe Islands., Keshavarz P; School of Science and Technology, University of Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia.; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, New Hospitals LTD, Tbilisi, Georgia., Keykhaei M; Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Students Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Khader YS; Department of Public Health, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan., Khalilov R; Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Baku State University, Baku, Azerbaijan.; Russian Institute for Advanced Study, Moscow State Pedagogical University, Moscow, Russia., Khan G; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates., Khan M; Epidemiology Department, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia., Khan MN; Department of Population Science, Jatiya Kabi Kazi Nazrul Islam University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh., Khan MAB; Family Medicine Department, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.; Primary Care Department, NHS North West London, London, England., Khang YH; Department of Health Policy and Management, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.; Institute of Health Policy and Management, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea., Khater AM; National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt., Khayamzadeh M; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; The Iranian Academy of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Kim GR; Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea., Kim YJ; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang, Malaysia., Kisa A; School of Health Sciences, Kristiania University College, Oslo, Norway.; Department of Global Community Health and Behavioral Sciences, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana., Kisa S; Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway., Kissimova-Skarbek K; Department of Health Economics and Social Security, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland., Kopec JA; School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.; Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond, British Columbia, Canada., Koteeswaran R; Microbiology & Molecular Cell Biology Department, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk., Koul PA; Department of Internal and Pulmonary Medicine, Sheri Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, India., Koulmane Laxminarayana SL; Kasturba Medical College, Udupi, India., Koyanagi A; Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network, San Juan de Dios Sanitary Park, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain.; Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, Barcelona, Spain., Kucuk Bicer B; Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey., Kugbey N; University of Environment and Sustainable Development, Somanya, Ghana., Kumar GA; Public Health Foundation of India, Gurugram, India., Kumar N; Department of Orthopaedics, Medanta Hospital, Lucknow, India., Kumar N; Department of Community Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India., Kurmi OP; Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, England.; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada., Kutluk T; Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey., La Vecchia C; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy., Lami FH; Department of Community and Family Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq., Landires I; Unit of Genetics and Public Health, Institute of Medical Sciences, Las Tablas, Panama.; Ministry of Health, Herrera, Panama., Lauriola P; Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy., Lee SW; Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning Lab, Gachon University, Seongnam, South Korea., Lee SWH; School of Pharmacy, Monash University, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia.; School of Pharmacy, Taylor's University Lakeside Campus, Subang Jaya, Malaysia., Lee WC; Office of Health Policy & Legislative Affairs, University of Texas, Galveston., Lee YH; Graduate School of Public Health, Ajou University, Suwon-si, South Korea., Leigh J; Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia., Leong E; Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei., Li J; Department of Medical Oncology, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China., Li MC; Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan., Liu X; Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.; Department of Quantitative Health Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio., Loureiro JA; Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.; School of Health, Polytechnic Institute of Porto, Portugal., Lunevicius R; Department of General Surgery, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, England.; Department of Surgery, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, England., Magdy Abd El Razek M; Ophthalmology Department, Ministry of Health and Population, Aswan, Egypt., Majeed A; Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, England., Makki A; Mass Communication Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates., Male S; Department of Ophthalmology, M M Joshi Eye Institute, Hubli, India., Malik AA; University Institute of Public Health, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.; Rabigh Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia., Mansournia MA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Martini S; Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.; Indonesian Public Health Association, Surabaya, Indonesia., Masoumi SZ; Department of Midwifery, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran., Mathur P; National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, Bengaluru, India., McKee M; Department of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, England., Mehrotra R; India Cancer Research Consortium, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India., Mendoza W; Peru Country Office, United Nations Population Fund, Lima, Peru., Menezes RG; Forensic Medicine Division, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia., Mengesha EW; Department of Reproductive Health and Population Studies, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia., Mesregah MK; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Menoufia University Faculty of Medicine, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt., Mestrovic T; Clinical Microbiology and Parasitology Unit, Polyclinic 'Dr. Zora Profozic', Zagreb, Croatia.; University Centre Varazdin, University North, Varazdin, Croatia., Miao Jonasson J; School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden., Miazgowski B; Center for Innovation in Medical Education, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.; Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland., Miazgowski T; Department of Propedeutics of Internal Diseases and Arterial Hypertension, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland., Michalek IM; Woman-Mother-Child Department, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland., Miller TR; Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Calverton, Maryland.; School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia., Mirzaei H; Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran., Mirzaei HR; Department of Medical Immunology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Misra S; Department of Surgical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India., Mithra P; Department of Community Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India., Moghadaszadeh M; Biotechnology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.; Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran., Mohammad KA; Department of Biology, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Iraq., Mohammad Y; Internal Medicine Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Mohammadi M; Department of Information Technology, Lebanese French University, Erbil, Iraq., Mohammadi SM; Department of Anatomical Sciences, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran., Mohammadian-Hafshejani A; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran., Mohammed S; Health Systems and Policy Research Unit, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.; Department of Health Care Management, Technical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany., Moka N; Oncology Department, Appalachian Regional Healthcare, Hazard, Kentucky.; Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington., Mokdad AH; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle.; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle., Molokhia M; Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, England., Monasta L; Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Research Unit, Burlo Garofolo Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Trieste, Italy., Moni MA; Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Pabna University of Science and Technology, Pabna, Bangladesh., Moosavi MA; Department of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran., Moradi Y; Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran., Moraga P; Computer, Electrical, and Mathematical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia., Morgado-da-Costa J; University Hospital Center of Porto, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal., Morrison SD; Section of Plastic Surgery, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor., Mosapour A; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran., Mubarik S; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China., Mwanri L; College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adeaide, South Australia, Australia., Nagarajan AJ; Research and Analytics Department, Initiative for Financing Health and Human Development, Chennai, India.; Department of Research and Analytics, Bioinsilico Technologies, Chennai, India., Nagaraju SP; Department of Nephrology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India., Nagata C; Department of Education for Clinical Research, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan., Naimzada MD; Laboratory of Public Health Indicators Analysis and Health Digitalization, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia.; Experimental Surgery and Oncology Laboratory, Kursk State Medical University, Kursk, Russia., Nangia V; Suraj Eye Institute, Nagpur, India., Naqvi AA; Department of Pharmacy Practice, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.; Discipline of Social and Administrative Pharmacy, University of Science, Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia., Narasimha Swamy S; Mysore Medical College and Research Institute, Government Medical College, Mysore, India., Ndejjo R; Department of Disease Control and Environmental Health, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda., Nduaguba SO; Pharmaceutical Outcomes and Policy Department, University of Florida, Gainesville., Negoi I; Department of General Surgery, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.; Department of General Surgery, Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania., Negru SM; Department of Oncology, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania., Neupane Kandel S; Estia Health Blakehurst, Estia Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia., Nguyen CT; Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Hanoi, Vietnam., Nguyen HLT; Institute for Global Health Innovations, Duy Tan University, Hanoi, Vietnam., Niazi RK; International Islamic University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan., Nnaji CA; South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa.; School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa., Noor NM; Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London, London, England.; Department of Gastroenterology, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, England., Nuñez-Samudio V; Unit of Microbiology and Public Health, Institute of Medical Sciences, Las Tablas, Panama.; Department of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Herrera, Panama., Nzoputam CI; Center of Excellence in Reproductive Health Innovation, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria., Oancea B; Administrative and Economic Sciences Department, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania., Ochir C; Department of International Cyber Education, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.; Advisory Board, Ministry of Health, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia., Odukoya OO; Department of Community Health and Primary Care, University of Lagos, Idi Araba, Nigeria.; Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City., Ogbo FA; Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia., Olagunju AT; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.; Department of Psychiatry, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria., Olakunde BO; Community Prevention and Care Services, National AIDS Control Committee, Abuja, Nigeria., Omar E; Mass Communication Department, Ajman University, Dubai, United Arab Emirates., Omar Bali A; Diplomacy and Public Relations Department, University of Human Development, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq., Omonisi AEE; Department of Anatomic Pathology, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria.; Department of Anatomic Pathology, Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria., Ong S; Noncommunicable Disease Prevention Unit, Ministry of Health, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei.; Early Detection and Cancer Prevention Services, Pantai Jerudong Specialist Centre, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei., Onwujekwe OE; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria., Orru H; Institute of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.; Section of Sustainable Health, Umeå University, Umea, Sweden., Ortega-Altamirano DV; Health Systems Research Center, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico., Otstavnov N; Laboratory of Public Health Indicators Analysis and Health Digitalization, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia., Otstavnov SS; Laboratory of Public Health Indicators Analysis and Health Digitalization, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia.; Department of Project Management, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia., Owolabi MO; Department of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.; Department of Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria., P A M; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeswara Academy of Health Education and Research, Mysore, India., Padubidri JR; Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India., Pakshir K; Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran., Pana A; Department of Statistics and Econometrics, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania.; Department of Health Metrics, Center for Health Outcomes and Evaluation, Bucharest, Romania., Panagiotakos D; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece., Panda-Jonas S; Department of Ophthalmology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany., Pardhan S; Vision and Eye Research Institute, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, England., Park EC; Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.; Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea., Park EK; Department of Medical Humanities and Social Medicine, Kosin University, Busan, South Korea., Pashazadeh Kan F; Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Patel HK; Department of Internal Medicine, Ochsner Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana., Patel JR; Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Dallas.; Department of Epidemiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock., Pati S; Centre of Excellence, Khallikote University, Berhampur, India.; Research Division, Association for Biodiversity Conservation and Research, Balasore, India., Pattanshetty SM; Department of Health Policy, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India., Paudel U; Research Section, Nepal Health Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal.; Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal., Pereira DM; Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal., Pereira RB; Department of Chemistry, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal., Perianayagam A; Department of Development Studies, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India., Pillay JD; Basic Medical Sciences Department, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa., Pirouzpanah S; Department of Biochemistry and Dietetics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran., Pishgar F; Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Urooncology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Podder I; Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine and Sagore Dutta Hospital, Kolkata, India., Postma MJ; University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.; School of Economics and Business, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands., Pourjafar H; Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran.; Dietary Supplements and Probiotic Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran., Prashant A; Department of Biochemistry, Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeswara University, Mysuru, India., Preotescu L; National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Bucuresti, Romania.; Department of Infectious Diseases, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania., Rabiee M; Biomedical Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran., Rabiee N; Department of Physics, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran., Radfar A; College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando., Radhakrishnan RA; Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India., Radhakrishnan V; Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute, Chennai, India., Rafiee A; Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada., Rahim F; Metabolomics and Genomics Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Rahimzadeh S; Department of Natural Science, Middlesex University, London, England., Rahman M; Department of Population Science and Human Resource Development, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh., Rahman MA; School of Nursing and Healthcare Professions, Federation University Australia, Berwick, Victoria, Australia.; School of Nursing and Midwifery, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia., Rahmani AM; Future Technology Research Center, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Yunlin, Taiwan., Rajai N; Department of Internal Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts., Rajesh A; Department of Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio., Rakovac I; European Office for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases, World Health Organization, Moscow, Russia., Ram P; Department of Cardiology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia., Ramezanzadeh K; Department of Pharmacology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Ranabhat K; Health Emergency Operation Center, Ministry of Health and Population, Kathmandu, Nepal.; Central Department of Public Health, Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal., Ranasinghe P; Department of Pharmacology, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka., Rao CR; Department of Community Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India., Rao SJ; Department of Oral Pathology, Srinivas Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, India., Rawassizadeh R; Department of Computer Science, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts., Razeghinia MS; Department of Immunology and Laboratory Sciences, Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran.; Department of Immunology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran., Renzaho AMN; School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, New South Wales, Australia.; Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, New South Wales, Australia., Rezaei N; Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Rezaei N; Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity, Universal Scientific Education and Research Network, Tehran, Iran., Rezapour A; Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Roberts TJ; Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts., Rodriguez JAB; Deparment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia., Rohloff P; Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts.; Center for Indigenous Health Research, Wuqu' Kawoq Maya Health Alliance, Tecpan, Guatemala., Romoli M; Maurizio Bufalini Hospital, Cesena, Italy., Ronfani L; Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Research Unit, Burlo Garofolo Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Trieste, Italy., Roshandel G; Golestan Research Center of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran., Rwegerera GM; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana., S M; Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeswara University, Mysore, India., Sabour S; Department of Epidemiology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Saddik B; Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates., Saeed U; Research and Development, Islamabad Diagnostic Center Pakistan, Islamabad, Pakistan.; Biological Production Development, National Institute of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan., Sahebkar A; Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.; Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran., Sahoo H; Department of Development Studies, International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India., Salehi S; Department of Radiology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles., Salem MR; Public Health and Community Medicine Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt., Salimzadeh H; Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Samaei M; Emergency Department, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island., Samy AM; Department of Entomology, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt., Sanabria J; Department of Surgery, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia.; Department of Nutrition and Preventive Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio., Sankararaman S; Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio.; Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio., Santric-Milicevic MM; Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.; School of Public Health and Health Management, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia., Sardiwalla Y; Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada., Sarveazad A; Colorectal Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Sathian B; Geriatric and Long-Term Care Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.; Faculty of Health & Social Sciences, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth, England., Sawhney M; Department of Public Health Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte., Saylan M; Market Access, Bayer, Istanbul, Turkey., Schneider IJC; Department of Health Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Araranguá, Brazil., Sekerija M; Department of Medical Statistics, Epidemiology and Medical Informatics, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.; Department of Epidemiology and Prevention of Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases, Croatian Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia., Seylani A; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland., Shafaat O; Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.; Department of Radiology and Interventional Neuroradiology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran., Shaghaghi Z; Clinical Research Development Unit of Farshchian Heart Center, Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran., Shaikh MA; Independent Consultant, Karachi, Pakistan., Shamsoddin E; Department of Oral Health, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran, Iran.; Noncommunicable Diseases Committee, National Institute for Medical Research Developmen, Tehran, Iran., Shannawaz M; Symbiosis Medical College for Women, Symbiosis International University, Pune, India., Sharma R; University School of Management and Entrepreneurship, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, India., Sheikh A; Centre for Medical Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland.; Division of General Internal Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts., Sheikhbahaei S; Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland., Shetty A; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India., Shetty JK; Department of Biochemistry, Manipal University College Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia., Shetty PH; Department of Forensic Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India., Shibuya K; University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan., Shirkoohi R; Cancer Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Cancer Biology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Shivakumar KM; Public Health Dentistry Department, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Karad, India., Shivarov V; Clinical Immunology and Hematology, Sofiamed University Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria.; Department of Genetics, Sofia University St. Kliment Ohridiski, Sofia, Bulgaria., Siabani S; Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.; School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia., Siddappa Malleshappa SK; Department of Hematology-Oncology, Baystate Medical Center, Springfield, Massachusetts., Silva DAS; Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil., Singh JA; School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham.; Medicine Service Department of Veterans Affairs, Birmingham, Alabama., Sintayehu Y; Department of Midwifery, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia., Skryabin VY; Department No. 16, Moscow Research and Practical Centre on Addictions, Moscow, Russia., Skryabina AA; Therapeutic Department, Balashiha Central Hospital, Balashikha, Russia., Soeberg MJ; Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia., Sofi-Mahmudi A; Department of Oral Health, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Tehran, Iran.; Cochrane Iran Associate Centre, National Institute for Medical Research Development, Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran., Sotoudeh H; Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham., Steiropoulos P; Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece., Straif K; Schiller Institute, Boston College, Boston, Massachusetts.; Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain., Subedi R; Nepal Health Research Council, Kathmandu, Nepal., Sufiyan MB; Department of Community Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria., Sultan I; Pediatric Services, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan.; Pediatrics, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan., Sultana S; Maternal and Child Health, Projahnmo Research Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh., Sur D; Department of Medical Oncology, The Oncology Institute 'Prof Dr Ion Chiricuţă' Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.; Department of Medical Oncology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania., Szerencsés V; Health Services Management Training Centre, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary., Szócska M; Faculty of Health and Public Administration, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary., Tabarés-Seisdedos R; Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.; Carlos III Health Institute, Biomedical Research Networking Center for Mental Health Network, Madrid, Spain., Tabuchi T; Cancer Control Center, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan., Tadbiri H; Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland., Taherkhani A; Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran., Takahashi K; Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia., Talaat IM; Clinical Sciences Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.; Pathology Department, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt., Tan KK; Department of Surgery, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore., Tat VY; Department of Pathology, University of Texas, Galveston., Tedla BAA; College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia.; University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia., Tefera YG; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia., Tehrani-Banihashemi A; Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Department of Community and Family Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Temsah MH; Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia., Tesfay FH; School of Public Health, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia.; Southgate Institute for Health and Society, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia., Tessema GA; School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.; School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia., Thapar R; Department of Community Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Mangalore, India., Thavamani A; Department of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio.; Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio., Thoguluva Chandrasekar V; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona., Thomas N; Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore, India., Tohidinik HR; HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center and World Health Organization Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran., Touvier M; Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team, National Institute for Health and Medical Research Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale, Paris, France.; Department of Health, Medicine and Human Biology, Sorbonne Paris Nord University, Bobigny, France., Tovani-Palone MR; Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.; Modestum LTD, London, England., Traini E; Clinical Epidemiology and Public Health Research Unit, Burlo Garofolo Institute for Maternal and Child Health, Trieste, Italy.; Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands., Tran BX; Department of Health Economics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam., Tran KB; Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.; Clinical Hematology and Toxicology, Maurice Wilkins Centre, Auckland, New Zealand., Tran MTN; 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Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	JAMA oncology [JAMA Oncol] 2022 Mar 01; Vol. 8 (3), pp. 420-444.
DOI:	10.1001/jamaoncol.2021.6987
Abstrakt:	Importance: The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2019 (GBD 2019) provided systematic estimates of incidence, morbidity, and mortality to inform local and international efforts toward reducing cancer burden. Objective: To estimate cancer burden and trends globally for 204 countries and territories and by Sociodemographic Index (SDI) quintiles from 2010 to 2019. Evidence Review: The GBD 2019 estimation methods were used to describe cancer incidence, mortality, years lived with disability, years of life lost, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in 2019 and over the past decade. Estimates are also provided by quintiles of the SDI, a composite measure of educational attainment, income per capita, and total fertility rate for those younger than 25 years. Estimates include 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). Findings: In 2019, there were an estimated 23.6 million (95% UI, 22.2-24.9 million) new cancer cases (17.2 million when excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer) and 10.0 million (95% UI, 9.36-10.6 million) cancer deaths globally, with an estimated 250 million (235-264 million) DALYs due to cancer. Since 2010, these represented a 26.3% (95% UI, 20.3%-32.3%) increase in new cases, a 20.9% (95% UI, 14.2%-27.6%) increase in deaths, and a 16.0% (95% UI, 9.3%-22.8%) increase in DALYs. Among 22 groups of diseases and injuries in the GBD 2019 study, cancer was second only to cardiovascular diseases for the number of deaths, years of life lost, and DALYs globally in 2019. Cancer burden differed across SDI quintiles. The proportion of years lived with disability that contributed to DALYs increased with SDI, ranging from 1.4% (1.1%-1.8%) in the low SDI quintile to 5.7% (4.2%-7.1%) in the high SDI quintile. While the high SDI quintile had the highest number of new cases in 2019, the middle SDI quintile had the highest number of cancer deaths and DALYs. From 2010 to 2019, the largest percentage increase in the numbers of cases and deaths occurred in the low and low-middle SDI quintiles. Conclusions and Relevance: The results of this systematic analysis suggest that the global burden of cancer is substantial and growing, with burden differing by SDI. These results provide comprehensive and comparable estimates that can potentially inform efforts toward equitable cancer control around the world.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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