| Autor: |
de Holanda GS; Centre of Experimental Surgery, Post Graduate Program in Surgical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 219491-590, Brazil., Dos Santos Valença S; Redox Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil., Carra AM; Centre of Experimental Surgery, Post Graduate Program in Surgical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 219491-590, Brazil., Lichtenberger RCL; Centre of Experimental Surgery, Post Graduate Program in Surgical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 219491-590, Brazil., de Castilho B; Centre of Experimental Surgery, Post Graduate Program in Surgical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 219491-590, Brazil., Franco OB; Centre of Experimental Surgery, Post Graduate Program in Surgical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 219491-590, Brazil., de Moraes JA; Redox Biology Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil., Schanaider A; Centre of Experimental Surgery, Post Graduate Program in Surgical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 219491-590, Brazil. |
| Abstrakt: |
Acute mesenteric ischemia, caused by an abrupt interruption of blood flow in the mesenteric vessels, is associated with high mortality. When treated with surgical interventions or drugs to re-open the vascular lumen, the reperfusion process itself can inflict damage to the intestinal wall. Ischemia and reperfusion injury comprise complex mechanisms involving disarrangement of the splanchnic microcirculatory flow and impairment of the mitochondrial respiratory chain due to initial hypoxemia and subsequent oxidative stress during the reperfusion phase. This pathophysiologic process results in the production of large amounts of reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen (RNS) species, which damage deoxyribonucleic acid, protein, lipids, and carbohydrates by autophagy, mitoptosis, necrosis, necroptosis, and apoptosis. Fluorescence-based systems using molecular probes have emerged as highly effective tools to monitor the concentrations and locations of these often short-lived ROS and RNS. The timely and accurate detection of both ROS and RNS by such an approach would help to identify early injury events associated with ischemia and reperfusion and increase overall clinical diagnostic sensitivity. This abstract describes the pathophysiology of intestinal ischemia and reperfusion and the early biological laboratory diagnosis using fluorescent molecular probes anticipating clinical decisions in the face of an extremely morbid disease. |
