Ozone depletion due to dust release of iodine in the free troposphere.

Autor: Koenig TK; Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, Boulder, CO, USA., Volkamer R; Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, Boulder, CO, USA., Apel EC; Atmospheric Chemistry Observations & Modeling Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA., Bresch JF; Mesoscale & Microscale Meteorology Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA., Cuevas CA; Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate, Institute of Physical Chemistry Rocasolano, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain., Dix B; Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA.; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, Boulder, CO, USA., Eloranta EW; Space Science and Engineering Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA., Fernandez RP; Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, National Research Council (ICB-CONICET), FCEN-UNCuyo, Mendoza, Argentina., Hall SR; Atmospheric Chemistry Observations & Modeling Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA., Hornbrook RS; Atmospheric Chemistry Observations & Modeling Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA., Pierce RB; The National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service (NESDIS), Madison, WI, USA., Reeves JM; Earth Observing Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA., Saiz-Lopez A; Department of Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate, Institute of Physical Chemistry Rocasolano, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain., Ullmann K; Atmospheric Chemistry Observations & Modeling Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Science advances [Sci Adv] 2021 Dec 24; Vol. 7 (52), pp. eabj6544. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Dec 22.
DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj6544
Abstrakt: Iodine is an atmospheric trace element emitted from oceans that efficiently destroys ozone (O 3 ). Low O 3 in airborne dust layers is frequently observed but poorly understood. We show that dust is a source of gas-phase iodine, indicated by aircraft observations of iodine monoxide (IO) radicals inside lofted dust layers from the Atacama and Sechura Deserts that are up to a factor of 10 enhanced over background. Gas-phase iodine photochemistry, commensurate with observed IO, is needed to explain the low O 3 inside these dust layers (below 15 ppbv; up to 75% depleted). The added dust iodine can explain decreases in O 3 of 8% regionally and affects surface air quality. Our data suggest that iodate reduction to form volatile iodine species is a missing process in the geochemical iodine cycle and presents an unrecognized aeolian source of iodine. Atmospheric iodine has tripled since 1950 and affects ozone layer recovery and particle formation.
Databáze: MEDLINE