Large contribution of biomass burning emissions to ozone throughout the global remote troposphere.

Autor:	Bourgeois I; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309; ilann.bourgeois@colorado.edu Jeff.Peischl@noaa.gov.; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, CO 80305., Peischl J; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309; ilann.bourgeois@colorado.edu Jeff.Peischl@noaa.gov.; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, CO 80305., Neuman JA; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309.; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, CO 80305., Brown SS; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, CO 80305.; Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309., Thompson CR; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309.; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, CO 80305., Aikin KC; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309.; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, CO 80305., Allen HM; Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125., Angot H; Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309., Apel EC; Atmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80301., Baublitz CB; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University, Palisades, NY 10964.; Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY 10964., Brewer JF; School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138., Campuzano-Jost P; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309.; Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309., Commane R; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University, Palisades, NY 10964.; Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY 10964., Crounse JD; Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125., Daube BC; School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138., DiGangi JP; NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA 23681., Diskin GS; NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA 23681., Emmons LK; Atmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80301., Fiore AM; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University, Palisades, NY 10964.; Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY 10964., Gkatzelis GI; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309.; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, CO 80305., Hills A; Atmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80301., Hornbrook RS; Atmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80301., Huey LG; School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332., Jimenez JL; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309.; Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309., Kim M; Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125., Lacey F; Atmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling Laboratory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80301., McKain K; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309.; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Global Monitoring Laboratory, Boulder, CO 80305., Murray LT; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627., Nault BA; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309.; Department of Chemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309., Parrish DD; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309.; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, CO 80305., Ray E; Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309.; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, CO 80305., Sweeney C; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Global Monitoring Laboratory, Boulder, CO 80305., Tanner D; School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332., Wofsy SC; School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138., Ryerson TB; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, CO 80305.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America [Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A] 2021 Dec 28; Vol. 118 (52).
DOI:	10.1073/pnas.2109628118
Abstrakt:	Ozone is the third most important anthropogenic greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide and methane but has a larger uncertainty in its radiative forcing, in part because of uncertainty in the source characteristics of ozone precursors, nitrogen oxides, and volatile organic carbon that directly affect ozone formation chemistry. Tropospheric ozone also negatively affects human and ecosystem health. Biomass burning (BB) and urban emissions are significant but uncertain sources of ozone precursors. Here, we report global-scale, in situ airborne measurements of ozone and precursor source tracers from the NASA Atmospheric Tomography mission. Measurements from the remote troposphere showed that tropospheric ozone is regularly enhanced above background in polluted air masses in all regions of the globe. Ozone enhancements in air with high BB and urban emission tracers (2.1 to 23.8 ppbv [parts per billion by volume]) were generally similar to those in BB-influenced air (2.2 to 21.0 ppbv) but larger than those in urban-influenced air (-7.7 to 6.9 ppbv). Ozone attributed to BB was 2 to 10 times higher than that from urban sources in the Southern Hemisphere and the tropical Atlantic and roughly equal to that from urban sources in the Northern Hemisphere and the tropical Pacific. Three independent global chemical transport models systematically underpredict the observed influence of BB on tropospheric ozone. Potential reasons include uncertainties in modeled BB injection heights and emission inventories, export efficiency of BB emissions to the free troposphere, and chemical mechanisms of ozone production in smoke. Accurately accounting for intermittent but large and widespread BB emissions is required to understand the global tropospheric ozone burden. Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interest. (Copyright © 2021 the Author(s). Published by PNAS.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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