Nursing students' experience of learning cultural competence.

Autor: Antón-Solanas I; Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain., Tambo-Lizalde E; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain.; Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad San Jorge, Zaragoza, Spain., Hamam-Alcober N; Servicio Aragonés de Salud, Miguel Servet Women's and Children's Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain., Vanceulebroeck V; Department of Nursing, AP University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Antwerpen, Belgium., Dehaes S; Department of Nursing, AP University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Antwerpen, Belgium., Kalkan I; Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Turkey., Kömürcü N; Faculty of Health Sciences, Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Turkey., Coelho M; School of Education and Social Science, Instituto Politécnico de Portalegre, Portalegre, Portugal., Coelho T; School of Education and Social Science, Instituto Politécnico de Portalegre, Portalegre, Portugal., Casa Nova A; School of Health Sciences, Instituto Politécnico de Portalegre, Portalegre, Portugal., Cordeiro R; School of Health Sciences, Instituto Politécnico de Portalegre, Portalegre, Portugal., Sagarra-Romero L; Faculty of Health Sciences, Villanueva de Gállego, Universidad San Jorge, Zaragoza, Spain., Subirón-Valera AB; Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain., Huércanos-Esparza I; Faculty of Health Sciences, Villanueva de Gállego, Universidad San Jorge, Zaragoza, Spain.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PloS one [PLoS One] 2021 Dec 17; Vol. 16 (12), pp. e0259802. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Dec 17 (Print Publication: 2021).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259802
Abstrakt: Introduction: European societies are rapidly becoming multicultural. Cultural diversity presents new challenges and opportunities to communities that receive immigrants and migrants, and highlights the need for culturally safe healthcare. Universities share a responsibility to build a fair and equitable society by integrating cultural content in the nursing curricula. This paper aims to analyze European student nurses´ experience of learning cultural competence and of working with patients from diverse cultural backgrounds.
Materials and Methods: A phenomenological approach was selected through a qualitative research method. 7 semi-structured focus groups with 5-7 students took place at the participants' respective universities in Spain, Belgium, Turkey and Portugal.
Results: 5 themes and 16 subthemes emerged from thematic analysis. Theme 1, concept of culture/cultural diversity, describes the participants' concept of culture; ethnocentricity emerged as a frequent element in the students' discourse. Theme 2, personal awareness, integrates the students' self-perception of cultural competence and their learning needs. Theme 3, impact of culture, delves on the participants' perceived impact of cultural on both nursing care and patient outcomes. Theme 4, learning cultural competence, integrates the participants' learning experiences as part of their nursing curricula, as part of other academic learning opportunities and as part of extra-academic activities. Theme 5, learning cultural competence during practice placements, addresses some important issues including witnessing unequal care, racism, prejudice and conflict, communication and language barriers, tools and resources and positive attitudes and behaviors witnesses or displayed during clinical practice.
Conclusion: The participants' perceived level of cultural competence was variable. All the participants agreed that transcultural nursing content should be integrated in the nursing curricula, and suggested different strategies to improve their knowledge, skills and attitudes. It is important to listen to the students and take their opinion into account when designing cultural teaching and learning activities.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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