Pthlha and mechanical force control early patterning of growth zones in the zebrafish craniofacial skeleton.
| Autor: | Hoyle DJ; Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92693, USA., Dranow DB; Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92693, USA., Schilling TF; Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92693, USA. |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Zdroj: | Development (Cambridge, England) [Development] 2022 Jan 15; Vol. 149 (2). Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Jan 20. |
| DOI: | 10.1242/dev.199826 |
| Abstrakt: | Secreted signals in patterning systems often induce repressive signals that shape their distributions in space and time. In developing growth plates (GPs) of endochondral long bones, Parathyroid hormone-like hormone (Pthlh) inhibits Indian hedgehog (Ihh) to form a negative-feedback loop that controls GP progression and bone size. Whether similar systems operate in other bones and how they arise during embryogenesis remain unclear. We show that Pthlha expression in the zebrafish craniofacial skeleton precedes chondrocyte differentiation and restricts where cells undergo hypertrophy, thereby initiating a future GP. Loss of Pthlha leads to an expansion of cells expressing a novel early marker of the hypertrophic zone (HZ), entpd5a, and later HZ markers, such as ihha, whereas local Pthlha misexpression induces ectopic entpd5a expression. Formation of this early pre-HZ correlates with onset of muscle contraction and requires mechanical force; paralysis leads to loss of entpd5a and ihha expression in the pre-HZ, mislocalized pthlha expression and no subsequent ossification. These results suggest that local Pthlh sources combined with force determine HZ locations, establishing the negative-feedback loop that later maintains GPs. Competing Interests: Competing interests The authors declare no competing or financial interests. (© 2022. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd.) |
| Databáze: | MEDLINE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|