Electrochemical Oxidation of Different Therapeutic Classes of Pharmaceuticals Using Graphite-PVC Composite Electrode.

Autor: Mussa ZH; 1- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Al-Ameed, Karbala, Iraq. zp69014@yahoo.com., Al-Qaim FF, Alqaim ZH, Latip J
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Acta chimica Slovenica [Acta Chim Slov] 2021 Dec 15; Vol. 68 (4), pp. 811-820. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Dec 15.
DOI: 10.17344/acsi.2021.6784
Abstrakt: This study reports electrochemical treatment of different therapeutic classes of pharmaceuticals (caffeine, prazosin, enalapril, carbamazepine, nifedipine, levonorgestrel, and simvastatin) in a mixture. The electrochemical process was investigated using graphite-PVC anode at different applied voltages (3, 5, and 12 V), initial concentrations of studied pharmaceuticals in aqueous solution (5 and 10 mg/L), and concentrations of sodium chloride (1 and 2 g/L). The % removal of pharmaceuticals increased with the applied voltage, and was found higher than 98% after 50 min of electrolysis at 5 V. Energy consumption ranged between 0.760 and 3.300 Wh/mg using 12 V being the highest value compared to 3 and 5 V. The formation of chlorinated by-products from four selected pharmaceuticals, simvastatin (C11H13Cl3O5, and C10H12Cl4O3), prazosin (C13H12Cl3N5O3 and C10H11Cl4N2O2), carbamazepine and caffeine (C15H11N2O2Cl and C8H9N4O2Cl) was identified and elucidated using liquid chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry (LC-TOF/MS).
Databáze: MEDLINE