Cardiovascular risk in high-hazard occupations: the role of occupational cardiology.

Autor:	Parsons IT; Academic Department of Military Medicine, Research and Clinical Innovation, Royal Centre for Defence Medicine, Birmingham, UK.; School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, London, UK., Nicol ED; Academic Department of Military Medicine, Research and Clinical Innovation, Royal Centre for Defence Medicine, Birmingham, UK.; Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK.; Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK., Holdsworth D; Academic Department of Military Medicine, Research and Clinical Innovation, Royal Centre for Defence Medicine, Birmingham, UK., Guettler N; Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, German Air Force Centre of Aerospace Medicine, Fuerstenfeldbruck, Germany., Rienks R; CardioExpert, Outpatient Clinic for Sports and Occupational Cardiology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands., Davos CH; Division of Cardiovascular Research, Cardiovascular Laboratory, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece., Halle M; Department of Prevention and Sports Medicine, University Hospital Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.; Department of Cardiovascular Research, DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany., Parati G; Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.; Department of Cardiology, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, San Luca Hospital, Milan, Italy.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	European journal of preventive cardiology [Eur J Prev Cardiol] 2022 Mar 30; Vol. 29 (4), pp. 702-713.
DOI:	10.1093/eurjpc/zwab202
Abstrakt:	Work is beneficial for health, but many individuals develop cardiovascular disease (CVD) during their working lives. Occupational cardiology is an emerging field that combines traditional cardiology sub-specialisms with prevention and risk management unique to specific employment characteristics and conditions. In some occupational settings incapacitation through CVD has the potential to be catastrophic due to the nature of work and/or the working environment. These are often termed 'hazardous' or 'high-hazard' occupations. Consequently, many organizations that employ individuals in high-hazard roles undertake pre-employment medicals and periodic medical examinations to screen for CVD. The identification of CVD that exceeds predefined employer (or regulatory body) risk thresholds can result in occupational restriction, or disqualification, which may be temporary or permanent. This article will review the evidence related to occupational cardiology for several high-hazard occupations related to aviation and space, diving, high altitude, emergency workers, commercial transportation, and the military. The article will focus on environmental risk, screening, surveillance, and risk management for the prevention of events precipitated by CVD. Occupational cardiology is a challenging field that requires a broad understanding of general cardiology, environmental, and occupational medicine principles. There is a current lack of consensus and contemporary evidence which requires further research. Provision of evidence-based, but individualized, risk stratification and treatment plans is required from specialists that understand the complex interaction between work and the cardiovascular system. There is a current lack of consensus and contemporary evidence in occupational cardiology and further research is required. (Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved. © The Author(s) 2021. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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