A Role for Adipocytes and Adipose Stem Cells in the Breast Tumor Microenvironment and Regenerative Medicine.

Autor:	Brock CK; Section of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States., Hebert KL; Section of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States., Artiles M; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States., Wright MK; Section of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States., Cheng T; Section of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States., Windsor GO; Section of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States., Nguyen K; Section of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States., Alzoubi MS; Section of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States., Collins-Burow BM; Section of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States., Martin EC; Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States., Lau FH; Section of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States., Bunnell BA; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States., Burow ME; Section of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in physiology [Front Physiol] 2021 Nov 29; Vol. 12, pp. 751239. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Nov 29 (Print Publication: 2021).
DOI:	10.3389/fphys.2021.751239
Abstrakt:	Obesity rates are climbing, representing a confounding and contributing factor to many disease states, including cancer. With respect to breast cancer, obesity plays a prominent role in the etiology of this disease, with certain subtypes such as triple-negative breast cancer having a strong correlation between obesity and poor outcomes. Therefore, it is critical to examine the obesity-related alterations to the normal stroma and the tumor microenvironment (TME). Adipocytes and adipose stem cells (ASCs) are major components of breast tissue stroma that have essential functions in both physiological and pathological states, including energy storage and metabolic homeostasis, physical support of breast epithelial cells, and directing inflammatory and wound healing responses through secreted factors. However, these processes can become dysregulated in both metabolic disorders, such as obesity and also in the context of breast cancer. Given the well-established obesity-neoplasia axis, it is critical to understand how interactions between different cell types in the tumor microenvironment, including adipocytes and ASCs, govern carcinogenesis, tumorigenesis, and ultimately metastasis. ASCs and adipocytes have multifactorial roles in cancer progression; however, due to the plastic nature of these cells, they also have a role in regenerative medicine, making them promising tools for tissue engineering. At the physiological level, the interactions between obesity and breast cancer have been examined; here, we will delineate the mechanisms that regulate ASCs and adipocytes in these different contexts through interactions between cancer cells, immune cells, and other cell types present in the tumor microenvironment. We will define the current state of understanding of how adipocytes and ASCs contribute to tumor progression through their role in the tumor microenvironment and how this is altered in the context of obesity. We will also introduce recent developments in utilizing adipocytes and ASCs in novel approaches to breast reconstruction and regenerative medicine. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2021 Brock, Hebert, Artiles, Wright, Cheng, Windsor, Nguyen, Alzoubi, Collins-Burow, Martin, Lau, Bunnell and Burow.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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