Phenylbutazone pharmacokinetics in southern white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum simum) after oral administration.

Autor: Houck EL; North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA., Papich MG; North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA., Delk KW; North Carolina Zoo, Asheboro, North Carolina, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics [J Vet Pharmacol Ther] 2022 Mar; Vol. 45 (2), pp. 196-202. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Dec 11.
DOI: 10.1111/jvp.13036
Abstrakt: Southern white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum simum) frequently develop painful conditions, such as traumatic injuries or osteoarthritis, necessitating the administration of pain-relieving medications. One of the preferred treatments is the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug phenylbutazone because of the availability of oral formulations and the familiarity of its use in horses. For the main study, a single oral dose of phenylbutazone at 2 mg/kg was administered to healthy adult rhinoceros (n = 33) housed at six North American zoological institutions. Each rhinoceros had up to four blood samples collected under voluntary behavioural restraint at up to four predetermined time points (0, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 24, 30 and 48 h). Drug analysis was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography. The population pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated with nonlinear mixed-effects modelling, and analysis showed a peak concentration (C MAX ) of 3.8 µg/ml at 1.8 h and an elimination half-life of 9 h. The concentrations achieved were similar to what has been reported for horses and were within the half maximal effective concentration for horses for at least 10 h. A multi-dose trial in five rhinoceros receiving 2 mg/kg orally once daily for five days found mild accumulation at a predicted factor of 1.2. This study represents the first pharmacokinetic data of phenylbutazone in any rhinoceros species.
(© 2021 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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