The oral microbiome in alcohol use disorder: a longitudinal analysis during inpatient treatment.

Autor: Barb JJ; Translational Biobehavioral and Health Disparities Branch, National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA., Maki KA; Translational Biobehavioral and Health Disparities Branch, National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA., Kazmi N; Translational Biobehavioral and Health Disparities Branch, National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA., Meeks BK; Translational Biobehavioral and Health Disparities Branch, National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA., Krumlauf M; Translational Biobehavioral and Health Disparities Branch, National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA., Tuason RT; Translational Biobehavioral and Health Disparities Branch, National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA., Brooks AT; Center for Scientific Review, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md, USA., Ames NJ; National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA., Goldman D; Office of the Clinical Director, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md, USA., Wallen GR; Translational Biobehavioral and Health Disparities Branch, National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of oral microbiology [J Oral Microbiol] 2021 Dec 01; Vol. 14 (1), pp. 2004790. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Dec 01 (Print Publication: 2022).
DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2021.2004790
Abstrakt: Background: Alcohol use disorder (AUD)-induced disruption of oral microbiota can lead to poor oral health; there have been no studies published examining the longitudinal effects of alcohol use cessation on the oral microbiome.
Aim: To investigate the oral microbiome during alcohol cessation during inpatient treatment for AUD.
Methods: Up to 10 oral tongue brushings were collected from 22 AUD patients during inpatient treatment at the National Institutes of Health. Alcohol use history, smoking, and periodontal disease status were measured. Oral microbiome samples were sequenced using 16S rRNA gene sequencing.
Results: Alpha diversity decreased linearly during treatment across the entire cohort ( P =  0.002). Alcohol preference was associated with changes in both alpha and beta diversity measures. Characteristic tongue dorsum genera from the Human Microbiome Project such as Streptococcus, Prevotella, Veillonella and Haemophilus were highly correlated in AUD. Oral health-associated genera that changed longitudinally during abstinence included Actinomyces, Capnocytophaga, Fusobacterium, Neisseria and Prevotella .
Conclusion: The oral microbiome in AUD is affected by alcohol preference. Patients with AUD often have poor oral health but abstinence and attention to oral care improve dysbiosis, decreasing microbiome diversity and periodontal disease-associated genera while improving acute oral health.
Competing Interests: No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
(© 2021 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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