Heavy metal-contained wastewater in China: Discharge, management and treatment.

Autor: Li QG; School of Environment and nature resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China., Liu GH; School of Environment and nature resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China. Electronic address: lgh@ruc.edu.cn., Qi L; School of Environment and nature resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China., Wang HC; School of Environment and nature resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China., Ye ZF; Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China., Zhao QL; Department of Environmental Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: The Science of the total environment [Sci Total Environ] 2022 Feb 20; Vol. 808, pp. 152091. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Dec 01.
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152091
Abstrakt: A large amount of heavy metal-contained wastewater (HMW) was discharged during Chinese industry development, which has caused many environmental problems. This study reviewed discharge, management and treatment of HMW in China through collecting and analyzing data from China's official statistical yearbook, standards, technical specifications, government reports, case reports, and research paper. Results showed that industry wastewater discharged by an amount of about 221.6 × 10 8  t (in 2012), where emission of heavy metals including Pb, Hg, Cd, Cr(VI), T-Cr was around 388.4 t (in 2012). Heavy metal emission with wastewater in east China and central south China was observed to be graver than that in other areas. However, control of heavy metals in Pb and Cd in northwest China was more difficult compared with other areas. In terms of management, China's government has issued many wastewater discharge standards, strict management policies for controlling HMW discharge in recent years, resulting in reduced HMW discharge. In addition, main HMW treatment technology in China was chemical precipitation, and other technologies such as membrane separation, adsorption, ion exchange, electrochemical and biological methods were also occasionally applied. In the future, chemical industries will be concentrated in northwest China, therefore control of HMW discharge should be paid much more attention in those areas. In addition, more effective and environment-friendly heavy metal removal and regeneration technologies should be developed, such as biomaterials adsorbent.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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