Tools used to assay genomic instability in cancers and cancer meiomitosis.

Autor: Gantchev J; Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada., Ramchatesingh B; Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada., Berman-Rosa M; Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada., Sikorski D; Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada., Raveendra K; Faculty of Science, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada., Amar L; Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada., Xu HH; Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec City, QC, Canada., Villarreal AM; Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada., Ordaz DJG; Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada., Litvinov IV; Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Montreal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada. ivan.litvinov@mcgill.ca.; Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada. ivan.litvinov@mcgill.ca.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of cell communication and signaling [J Cell Commun Signal] 2022 Jun; Vol. 16 (2), pp. 159-177. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Nov 29.
DOI: 10.1007/s12079-021-00661-z
Abstrakt: Genomic instability is a defining characteristic of cancer and the analysis of DNA damage at the chromosome level is a crucial part of the study of carcinogenesis and genotoxicity. Chromosomal instability (CIN), the most common level of genomic instability in cancers, is defined as the rate of loss or gain of chromosomes through successive divisions. As such, DNA in cancer cells is highly unstable. However, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. There is a debate as to whether instability succeeds transformation, or if it is a by-product of cancer, and therefore, studying potential molecular and cellular contributors of genomic instability is of high importance. Recent work has suggested an important role for ectopic expression of meiosis genes in driving genomic instability via a process called meiomitosis. Improving understanding of these mechanisms can contribute to the development of targeted therapies that exploit DNA damage and repair mechanisms. Here, we discuss a workflow of novel and established techniques used to assess chromosomal instability as well as the nature of genomic instability such as double strand breaks, micronuclei, and chromatin bridges. For each technique, we discuss their advantages and limitations in a lab setting. Lastly, we provide detailed protocols for the discussed techniques.
(© 2021. The International CCN Society.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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