The first isolation and detection of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale from swollen head syndrome-infected broiler flocks in Iraq.

Autor: Al-Hasan BA; Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq., Alhatami AO; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Kufa, Najaf, Iraq., Abdulwahab HM; Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Kufa, Najaf, Iraq., Bustani GS; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Nursing, Altoosi University College, Najaf, Iraq.; Department of Physiology, Biochemistry, and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Baghdad, Iraq., Wahab Alkuwaity EA; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jabir Ibn Hayyan Medical University, Najaf, Iraq.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Veterinary world [Vet World] 2021 Sep; Vol. 14 (9), pp. 2346-2355. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Sep 07.
DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.2346-2355
Abstrakt: Background and Aim: The swollen head syndrome (SHS) makes up complex diseases that infect the upper respiratory tract in poultry and causes several economic losses. Furthermore, this syndrome is considered one of the multifactorial etiological agents. Therefore, this study isolated and molecularly detected Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale (ORT) in poultry.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted at 67 broiler farms that had birds observed to be infected with the SHS from September 2018 until August 2019. Subsequently, swabs were collected from their trachea, infraorbital sinuses, and lungs, after which obtained samples were treated through two methods: (a) The direct method, by uploading samples on FTA cards, and the indirect method using a transport media. Afterward, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to analyze the directly treated samples; howeverAQ1, the culture method, followed by PCR, was used to analyze the indirectly treated samples. Next, a partial 16S RNA gene was isolated using four positive PCR products, after which the effect of 16 antibiotics was studied on the seven local ORT strains isolated.
Results: The quantity of ORT isolated using the direct method was 28 (41.7%) samples, which were all positive for the strain. Identification was by direct molecular identification (RT-PCR) from samples loaded on FTA cards. Alternatively, 7 (10.4%) ORTs were detected from the indirect method, as obtained using the culture method and biochemical tests. Then, PCR was subsequently used to confirm the results. As observed, 784 bp bands were shown for all seven ORT isolates. Furthermore, results revealed a significant difference in the detection of ORT strains between direct and indirect methods, with p-value (<0.05) and standard deviation of the error±0.038 for the direct, then ±0.061 for the indirect method. For further analysis on the strain types, four 784 bp PCR products were taken, then partial 16S ribosomal sequence typing was conducted. All these four strains were found to be recorded in NCBI for the 1 st time as a local Iraqi strain, with accession numbers (MN931657, MN931656, MN931655, and MN931654). Notably, results also showed that all isolated strains were multidrug-resistant.
Conclusion: From the results, ORT is proposed to be implicated as one of the etiological factors that cause SHSs in poultry. Phylogenetic analysis of the current ORT bacterial strains also showed that they are closely related to the Egyptian isolates.
(Copyright: © Al-Hasan, et al.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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