| Autor: |
Hemmer A; Nutrition Unit, Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Therapeutic Education, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals (HUG), 1211 Geneva, Switzerland., Mareschal J; Nutrition Unit, Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Therapeutic Education, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals (HUG), 1211 Geneva, Switzerland., Dibner C; Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Therapeutic Education, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals (HUG), 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.; Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty Diabetes Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland., Pralong JA; Service of Pneumology, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals (HUG), 1211 Geneva, Switzerland., Dorribo V; Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Center for Primary Care and Public Health (Unisanté), University of Lausanne, 1066 Épalinges, Switzerland., Perrig S; Service of Pneumology, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals (HUG), 1211 Geneva, Switzerland., Genton L; Nutrition Unit, Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Therapeutic Education, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals (HUG), 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.; Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland., Pichard C; Nutrition Unit, Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Therapeutic Education, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals (HUG), 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.; Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland., Collet TH; Nutrition Unit, Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Therapeutic Education, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals (HUG), 1211 Geneva, Switzerland. |
| Abstrakt: |
Energy metabolism is tightly linked with circadian rhythms, exposure to ambient light, sleep/wake, fasting/eating, and rest/activity cycles. External factors, such as shift work, lead to a disruption of these rhythms, often called circadian misalignment. Circadian misalignment has an impact on some physiological markers. However, these proxy measurements do not immediately translate into major clinical health outcomes, as shown by later detrimental health effects of shift work and cardio-metabolic disorders. This review focuses on the effects of shift work on circadian rhythms and its implications in cardio-metabolic disorders and eating patterns. Shift work appears to be a risk factor of overweight, obesity, type 2 diabetes, elevated blood pressure, and the metabolic syndrome. However, past studies showed discordant findings regarding the changes of lipid profile and eating patterns. Most studies were either small and short lab studies, or bigger and longer cohort studies, which could not measure health outcomes in a detailed manner. These two designs explain the heterogeneity of shift schedules, occupations, sample size, and methods across studies. Given the burden of non-communicable diseases and the growing concerns about shift workers' health, novel approaches to study shift work in real contexts are needed and would allow a better understanding of the interlocked risk factors and potential mechanisms involved in the onset of metabolic disorders. |
