| Autor: |
Nguyen TH; Department of Bioscience, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy.; Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam., Duong CM; Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam.; Department of Biology, Clark University, Worcester, MA 01610, USA., Nguyen XH; Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam.; Vinmec Research Institute of Applied Sciences and Regenerative Medicine, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam.; College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam., Than UTT; Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam.; Vinmec Research Institute of Applied Sciences and Regenerative Medicine, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam. |
| Abstrakt: |
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative disease that can lead to persistent pain and motion restriction. In the last decade, stem cells, particularly mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), have been explored as a potential alternative OA therapy due to their regenerative capacity. Furthermore, it has been shown that trophic factors enveloped in extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, are a crucial aspect of MSC-based treatment for OA. Evidently, EVs derived from different MSC sources might rescue the OA phenotype by targeting many biological processes associated with cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation and exerting protective effects on different joint cell types. Despite this advancement, different studies employing EV treatment for OA have revealed reverse outcomes depending on the EV cargo, cell source, and pathological condition. Hence, in this review, we aim to summarize and discuss the possible effects of MSC-derived EVs based on recent findings at different stages of OA development, including effects on cartilage ECM, chondrocyte biology, osteocytes and bone homeostasis, inflammation, and pain management. Additionally, we discuss further strategies and technical advances for manipulating EVs to specifically target OA to bring the therapy closer to clinical use. |
