| Autor: |
Pelé M; Anthropo-Lab, ETHICS EA7446, Lille Catholic University, 59000 Lille, France., Thomas G; UFR LLSHS, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, 95100 Paris, France., Liénard A; UFR LLSHS, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, 95100 Paris, France., Eguchi N; Department of Animal Sciences, Teikyo University of Science, Uenohara 409-0193, Japan., Shimada M; Department of Animal Sciences, Teikyo University of Science, Uenohara 409-0193, Japan., Sueur C; Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, F-67000 Strasbourg, France.; Institut Universitaire de France, 75231 Paris, France. |
| Abstrakt: |
This study analyses 749 drawings by five female Bornean orang-utans ( Pongo pygmaeus ) at Tama Zoological Park in Japan. We searched for differences between individuals but also tried to identify possible temporal changes among the drawings of one individual, Molly, who drew almost 1300 drawings from 2006 to 2011. An analysis of the drawings was carried out after collecting quantitative and qualitative variables. Our findings reveal evidence of differences in the drawing style of the five individuals as well as creative changes in Molly's drawing style throughout her lifetime. Individuals differed in terms of the colours used, the space they filled, and the shapes (fan patterns, circles, or loops) they drew. Molly drew less and less as she grew older, and we found a significant difference between drawings produced in winter, when orang-utans were kept inside and had less activity, and those produced during other seasons. Our results suggest that the drawing behaviour of these five orang-utans is not random and that differences among individuals might reflect differences of styles, states of mind, and motivation to draw. |
