Revisiting techniques to evaluate drug permeation through skin.

Autor:	Rapalli VK; Industrial Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, India., Mahmood A; Industrial Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, India., Waghule T; Industrial Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, India., Gorantla S; Industrial Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, India., Kumar Dubey S; Medical Research, R&D Healthcare Division, Emami Ltd, Kolkata, India., Alexander A; Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, India., Singhvi G; Industrial Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, India.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Expert opinion on drug delivery [Expert Opin Drug Deliv] 2021 Dec; Vol. 18 (12), pp. 1829-1842. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Dec 31.
DOI:	10.1080/17425247.2021.2010702
Abstrakt:	Introduction: Investigating the transportation of a drug molecule through various layers of skin and determining the amount of drug retention in skin layers is of prime importance in transdermal and topical drug delivery. The information regarding drug permeation and retention in skin layers aids in optimizing a formulation and provides insight into the therapeutic efficacy of a formulation. Areas Covered: This perspective covers various methods that have been explored to estimate drug/therapeutics in skin layers using in vitro, ex vivo , and in vivo conditions. In vitro methods such as diffusion techniques, ex vivo methods such as isolated perfused skin models and i n vivo techniques including dermato-pharmacokinetics employing tape stripping, and microdialysis are discussed. Application of all techniques at various stages of formulation development where various local and systemic effects need to be considered. Expert Opinion: The void in the existing methodologies necessitates improvement in the field of dermatologic research. Standardization of protocols, experimental setups, regulatory guidelines, and further research provides information to select an alternative for human skin to perform skin permeation experiments to increase the reliability of data generated through the available techniques. There is a need to utilize multiple techniques for appropriate dermato-pharmacokinetics evaluation and formulation's efficacy.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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