Patch testing: Uses, systems, risks/benefits, and its role in managing the patient with contact dermatitis.

Autor: Garg V; Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. Electronic address: vsg002@students.jefferson.edu., Brod B; Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA., Gaspari AA; Department of Dermatology an Cutaneous Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. Electronic address: aagaspari@gmail.com.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Clinics in dermatology [Clin Dermatol] 2021 Jul-Aug; Vol. 39 (4), pp. 580-590. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Mar 26.
DOI: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2021.03.005
Abstrakt: Patch testing is the gold standard diagnostic tool for cell-mediated type IV hypersensitivity reactions like allergic contact dermatitis. Sensitized individuals have primed antigen-specific T lymphocytes that cause a reaction when antigens are applied to the skin owing to prior sensitization. Patch testing can be used in the adult and pediatric populations, but it is contraindicated in patients with a known history of severe allergic reactions to suspected allergens, generalized active dermatitis, or extensive eczema. Patch test systems can be a comprehensive panel (70-80 allergens), but they can also be targeted and limited to a more common allergen series (35 allergens). The decision for allergen selection should be based on an accurate patient history, physical examination, and availability of allergens. Measurement and interpretation of the test results requires training and experience, as well as consideration of relevance and clinical history. Patch testing is generally considered safe with just a few known complications: excited skin syndrome, active sensitization, and rarely anaphylaxis or other cutaneous complications. Appropriately pretesting patient education can help to mitigate some of these complications. Based on patch testing results, patients should be educated regarding proper allergen avoidance measures to resolve symptoms of allergic contact dermatitis.
(Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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