Persistence of seaweed forests in the anthropocene will depend on warming and marine heatwave profiles.

Autor: Straub SC; UWA Oceans Institute and School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia., Wernberg T; UWA Oceans Institute and School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia.; Institute of Marine Research, Flødevigen Research Station, His, Norway., Marzinelli EM; School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.; Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.; Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Mosman, Australia.; Centre for Marine Science and Innovation, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia., Vergés A; Sydney Institute of Marine Science, Mosman, Australia.; Centre for Marine Science and Innovation, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia., Kelaher BP; National Marine Science Centre, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, Australia., Coleman MA; UWA Oceans Institute and School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia.; National Marine Science Centre, Southern Cross University, Coffs Harbour, Australia.; Department of Primary Industries, NSW Fisheries, Coffs Harbour, Australia.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of phycology [J Phycol] 2022 Feb; Vol. 58 (1), pp. 22-35. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Dec 22.
DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13222
Abstrakt: Marine heatwaves (MHWs), discrete periods of extreme warm water temperatures superimposed onto persistent ocean warming, have increased in frequency and significantly disrupted marine ecosystems. While field observations on the ecological consequences of MHWs are growing, a mechanistic understanding of their direct effects is rare. We conducted an outdoor tank experiment testing how different thermal stressor profiles impacted the ecophysiological performance of three dominant forest-forming seaweeds. Four thermal scenarios were tested: contemporary summer temperature (22°C), low persistent warming (24°C), a discrete MHW (22-27°C), and temperature variability followed by a MHW (22-24°C, 22-27°C). The physiological performance of seaweeds was strongly related to thermal profile and varied among species, with the highest temperature not always having the strongest effect. MHWs were highly detrimental for the fucoid Phyllospora comosa, whereas the laminarian kelp Ecklonia radiata showed sensitivity to extended thermal stress and demonstrated a cumulative temperature threshold. The fucoid Sargassum linearifolium showed resilience, albeit with signs of decline with bleached and degraded fronds, under all conditions, with stronger decline under stable control and warming conditions. The varying responses of these three co-occurring forest-forming seaweeds under different temperature scenarios suggests that the impact of ocean warming on near shore ecosystems may be complex and will depend on the specific thermal profile of rising water temperatures relative to the vulnerability of different species.
(© 2021 Phycological Society of America.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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