Long non-coding RNAs: novel regulators of cellular physiology and function.

Autor: Oo JA; Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany.; German Centre of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany., Brandes RP; Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany.; German Centre of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany., Leisegang MS; Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt, Germany. Leisegang@vrc.uni-frankfurt.de.; German Centre of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt, Germany. Leisegang@vrc.uni-frankfurt.de.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology [Pflugers Arch] 2022 Feb; Vol. 474 (2), pp. 191-204. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Nov 18.
DOI: 10.1007/s00424-021-02641-z
Abstrakt: Long non-coding RNAs were once considered as "junk" RNA produced by aberrant DNA transcription. They are now understood to play central roles in diverse cellular processes from proliferation and migration to differentiation, senescence and DNA damage control. LncRNAs are classed as transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides that do not encode a peptide. They are relevant to many physiological and pathophysiological processes through their control of fundamental molecular functions. This review summarises the recent progress in lncRNA research and highlights the far-reaching physiological relevance of lncRNAs. The main areas of lncRNA research encompassing their characterisation, classification and mechanisms of action will be discussed. In particular, the regulation of gene expression and chromatin landscape through lncRNA control of proteins, DNA and other RNAs will be introduced. This will be exemplified with a selected number of lncRNAs that have been described in numerous physiological contexts and that should be largely representative of the tens-of-thousands of mammalian lncRNAs. To some extent, these lncRNAs have inspired the current thinking on the central dogmas of epigenetics, RNA and DNA mechanisms.
(© 2021. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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