Delta Variants of SARS-CoV-2 Cause Significantly Increased Vaccine Breakthrough COVID-19 Cases in Houston, Texas.

Autor:	Christensen PA; Laboratory of Human Molecular and Translational Human Infectious Diseases, Center for Infectious Diseases, Houston Methodist Research Institute and Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York., Olsen RJ; Laboratory of Human Molecular and Translational Human Infectious Diseases, Center for Infectious Diseases, Houston Methodist Research Institute and Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York., Long SW; Laboratory of Human Molecular and Translational Human Infectious Diseases, Center for Infectious Diseases, Houston Methodist Research Institute and Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York., Subedi S; Laboratory of Human Molecular and Translational Human Infectious Diseases, Center for Infectious Diseases, Houston Methodist Research Institute and Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas., Davis JJ; Consortium for Advanced Science and Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Computing, Environment and Life Sciences, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois., Hodjat P; Laboratory of Human Molecular and Translational Human Infectious Diseases, Center for Infectious Diseases, Houston Methodist Research Institute and Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas., Walley DR; Laboratory of Human Molecular and Translational Human Infectious Diseases, Center for Infectious Diseases, Houston Methodist Research Institute and Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas., Kinskey JC; Laboratory of Human Molecular and Translational Human Infectious Diseases, Center for Infectious Diseases, Houston Methodist Research Institute and Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas., Ojeda Saavedra M; Laboratory of Human Molecular and Translational Human Infectious Diseases, Center for Infectious Diseases, Houston Methodist Research Institute and Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas., Pruitt L; Laboratory of Human Molecular and Translational Human Infectious Diseases, Center for Infectious Diseases, Houston Methodist Research Institute and Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas., Reppond K; Laboratory of Human Molecular and Translational Human Infectious Diseases, Center for Infectious Diseases, Houston Methodist Research Institute and Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas., Shyer MN; Laboratory of Human Molecular and Translational Human Infectious Diseases, Center for Infectious Diseases, Houston Methodist Research Institute and Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas., Cambric J; Laboratory of Human Molecular and Translational Human Infectious Diseases, Center for Infectious Diseases, Houston Methodist Research Institute and Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas., Gadd R; Laboratory of Human Molecular and Translational Human Infectious Diseases, Center for Infectious Diseases, Houston Methodist Research Institute and Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas., Thakur RM; Laboratory of Human Molecular and Translational Human Infectious Diseases, Center for Infectious Diseases, Houston Methodist Research Institute and Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas., Batajoo A; Laboratory of Human Molecular and Translational Human Infectious Diseases, Center for Infectious Diseases, Houston Methodist Research Institute and Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas., Mangham R; Laboratory of Human Molecular and Translational Human Infectious Diseases, Center for Infectious Diseases, Houston Methodist Research Institute and Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas., Pena S; Laboratory of Human Molecular and Translational Human Infectious Diseases, Center for Infectious Diseases, Houston Methodist Research Institute and Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas., Trinh T; Laboratory of Human Molecular and Translational Human Infectious Diseases, Center for Infectious Diseases, Houston Methodist Research Institute and Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas., Yerramilli P; Laboratory of Human Molecular and Translational Human Infectious Diseases, Center for Infectious Diseases, Houston Methodist Research Institute and Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas., Nguyen M; Consortium for Advanced Science and Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Computing, Environment and Life Sciences, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois., Olson R; Consortium for Advanced Science and Engineering, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Computing, Environment and Life Sciences, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois., Snehal R; Laboratory of Human Molecular and Translational Human Infectious Diseases, Center for Infectious Diseases, Houston Methodist Research Institute and Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas., Gollihar J; Laboratory of Human Molecular and Translational Human Infectious Diseases, Center for Infectious Diseases, Houston Methodist Research Institute and Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas; DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory-South, Austin, Texas., Musser JM; Laboratory of Human Molecular and Translational Human Infectious Diseases, Center for Infectious Diseases, Houston Methodist Research Institute and Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York. Electronic address: jmmusser@houstonmethodist.org.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	The American journal of pathology [Am J Pathol] 2022 Feb; Vol. 192 (2), pp. 320-331. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Nov 11.
DOI:	10.1016/j.ajpath.2021.10.019
Abstrakt:	Genetic variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have repeatedly altered the course of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Delta variants are now the focus of intense international attention because they are causing widespread COVID-19 globally and are associated with vaccine breakthrough cases. We sequenced 16,965 SARS-CoV-2 genomes from samples acquired March 15, 2021, through September 20, 2021, in the Houston Methodist hospital system. This sample represents 91% of all Methodist system COVID-19 patients during the study period. Delta variants increased rapidly from late April onward to cause 99.9% of all COVID-19 cases and spread throughout the Houston metroplex. Compared with all other variants combined, Delta caused a significantly higher rate of vaccine breakthrough cases (23.7% for Delta compared with 6.6% for all other variants combined). Importantly, significantly fewer fully vaccinated individuals required hospitalization. Vaccine breakthrough cases caused by Delta had a low median PCR cycle threshold value (a proxy for high virus load). This value was similar to the median cycle threshold value for unvaccinated patients with COVID-19 caused by Delta variants, suggesting that fully vaccinated individuals can transmit SARS-CoV-2 to others. Patients infected with Alpha and Delta variants had several significant differences. The integrated analysis indicates that vaccines used in the United States are highly effective in decreasing severe COVID-19, hospitalizations, and deaths. (Copyright © 2022 American Society for Investigative Pathology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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