Monitoring of air pollutants using plants and co-located soil-Egypt: characteristics, pollution, and toxicity impact.

Autor: Badawy WM; Radiation Protection & Civil Defense Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Abu Zaabal, 13759, Egypt. wael@jinr.ru.; Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, str. Joliot-Curie, 6, 141980, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia. wael@jinr.ru., Sarhan Y; Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, Menoufia University, Shibin El-koom, Egypt., Duliu OG; Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, str. Joliot-Curie, 6, 141980, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia.; Faculty of Physics, Department of Atomic and Nuclear Physics, University of Bucharest, 405, Atomistilor str, 077125, Magurele, Romania., Kim J; CREIDD Research Centre on Environmental Studies & Sustainability, Department of Humanity, Environment & Information Technology, the University of Technology of Troyes, Troyes, France. junbeum.kim@utt.fr.; Division for Geology of School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia. junbeum.kim@utt.fr., Yushin N; Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, str. Joliot-Curie, 6, 141980, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia., Samman HE; Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, Menoufia University, Shibin El-koom, Egypt., Hussein AA; Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, Menoufia University, Shibin El-koom, Egypt., Frontasyeva M; Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, str. Joliot-Curie, 6, 141980, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia., Shcheglov A; Faculty of Soil Science, Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Environmental science and pollution research international [Environ Sci Pollut Res Int] 2022 Mar; Vol. 29 (14), pp. 21049-21066. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Nov 08.
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17218-7
Abstrakt: The present work was conducted to evaluate the air quality in terms of inorganic pollutants and toxicity impact using two evergreen tree leaves, Eucalyptus globulus Labill (E. globulus) and Ficus microcarpa L.f., Suppl. Pl. 442 (1782) (F. microcarpa) as biomonitors. Thirty tree leaves and an equal number of co-located soil samples from different regions of Egypt (urban Greater Cairo Metropolitan (GC) and rural Menoufia Governorate (MG)) were collected. The concentrations of 34 and 40 elements were determined using instrumental neutron activation analysis (INNA) and atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) in tree leaves and soils, respectively. Bivariate and multivariate statistical analyses were implemented. The air pollution was assessed using enrichment factor, pollution load index, potential ecological risk, and risk index. In addition, human and ecotoxicity were evaluated based on the ReCiPe method. The mean concentration values of the obtained elements in tree leave in urban Greater Cairo and rural Menoufia Governorate show that the major elements are slightly higher in F. microcarpa than in E. globulus. Likewise, the mean values of elements in soil from GC and MG show no significant difference except for major elements (Fe, Al, Mg, K, Na, and Ti) in MG. The normalized concentrations of tree leave and soil show that the accumulated elements by F. macrocarpa are slightly higher than in E. globulus in GC and MG. While in terms of the investigated area, the concentrations of elements in MG are considerably higher than in GC. Pollution load index (PLI) spatial distribution over investigated areas showed that despite high population density, heavy traffic, and urban pollution, the Cairo samples exhibit significantly lower values as compared to those from Menoufia, which is most likely due to the uncontrolled industrial and domestic waste disposal outside Cairo. Potential ecological risk (PER) was significant for As in soil and for As and Cd in tree species. Human toxicity shows higher values in urban locations. Contrariwise, in the terrestrial ecotoxicity aspect, the rural locations are much higher than in urban ones.
(© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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