Drug-resistant trypanosome isolates populations in dogs in Enugu North Senatorial Zone, Southeastern Nigeria.

Autor: Obi CF; Department of Veterinary Parasitology and Entomology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria. Chukwunonso.obi@unn.edu.ng., Okpala MI; Department of Veterinary Parasitology and Entomology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria., Ezeh IO; Department of Veterinary Parasitology and Entomology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria., Onyeabor A; Department of Veterinary Parasitology and Entomology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike, Nigeria., Ezeokonkwo RC; Department of Veterinary Parasitology and Entomology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Parasitology research [Parasitol Res] 2022 Jan; Vol. 121 (1), pp. 423-431. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Nov 08.
DOI: 10.1007/s00436-021-07362-x
Abstrakt: African animal trypanosomosis is an important wasting and endemic protozoan disease causing morbidities and mortalities in animals in the sub-Saharan Africa. Currently, chemotherapy is the widely used method of African animal trypanosomosis control, especially in dogs in the sub-Saharan Africa. However, their efficacy is threatened by the emergence of drug-resistant trypanosomes owing to their extensive use and misuse over several decades amongst other factors. Thus, this study focused on the trypanocidal sensitivity and characterization of Trypanosoma species isolated from dogs in Enugu North Senatorial Zone (ENSZ), Southeastern Nigeria. Trypanosoma brucei (n = 44) and T. congolense (n = 4) isolated from naturally infected dogs in ENSZ, Southeastern Nigeria, between January and August 2016 were subjected to single dose test to assess their sensitivity to diminazene aceturate (DA) and isometamidium chloride (ISM). Subsequently, DA and multidrug-resistant isolates were further subjected to DA multi-dose test and CD 50 was determined and was used to characterize the drug-resistant trypanosomes. Clones were derived from a randomly selected multidrug-resistant isolate and their sensitivity also assessed. 100% and 83.3% of T. congolense and T. brucei respectively were resistant to the trypanocides. Amongst the drug-resistant isolates, 50%, 16.7%, and 33.3% were resistant to DA, ISM, and both trypanocides respectively with CD 50 ranging between 11 and 32.34 mg/kg. Drug-resistant trypanosomes were characterized into highly resistant (CD 50  = 11-24.99 mg/kg) and very highly resistant (CD 50  =  > 25 mg/kg) trypanosome isolates. Clones also expressed high levels of resistance to both DA and ISM with CD 50 values between 35.58 and 38.85 mg/kg. Trypanocidal resistance was, thus, confirmed and appears to be widespread in dogs in ENSZ, Southeastern Nigeria. The adoption of an integrated trypanosomosis control strategy in ENSZ is most desirous.
(© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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