Anthropogenic pressures and life history predict trajectories of seagrass meadow extent at a global scale.

Autor:	Turschwell MP; Coastal and Marine Research Centre, Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia; m.turschwell@griffith.edu.au., Connolly RM; Coastal and Marine Research Centre, Australian Rivers Institute, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia., Dunic JC; Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada., Sievers M; Coastal and Marine Research Centre, Australian Rivers Institute, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia., Buelow CA; Coastal and Marine Research Centre, Australian Rivers Institute, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia., Pearson RM; Coastal and Marine Research Centre, Australian Rivers Institute, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia., Tulloch VJD; Department of Forest and Conservation Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada., Côté IM; Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada., Unsworth RKF; Seagrass Ecosystem Research Group, College of Science, Swansea University, Swansea SA2 8PP, United Kingdom., Collier CJ; Centre for Tropical Water and Aquatic Ecosystem Research, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD 4870, Australia., Brown CJ; Coastal and Marine Research Centre, Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD 4111, Australia.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America [Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A] 2021 Nov 09; Vol. 118 (45).
DOI:	10.1073/pnas.2110802118
Abstrakt:	Seagrass meadows are threatened by multiple pressures, jeopardizing the many benefits they provide to humanity and biodiversity, including climate regulation and food provision through fisheries production. Conservation of seagrass requires identification of the main pressures contributing to loss and the regions most at risk of ongoing loss. Here, we model trajectories of seagrass change at the global scale and show they are related to multiple anthropogenic pressures but that trajectories vary widely with seagrass life-history strategies. Rapidly declining trajectories of seagrass meadow extent (>25% loss from 2000 to 2010) were most strongly associated with high pressures from destructive demersal fishing and poor water quality. Conversely, seagrass meadow extent was more likely to be increasing when these two pressures were low. Meadows dominated by seagrasses with persistent life-history strategies tended to have slowly changing or stable trajectories, while those with opportunistic species were more variable, with a higher probability of either rapidly declining or rapidly increasing. Global predictions of regions most at risk for decline show high-risk areas in Europe, North America, Japan, and southeast Asia, including places where comprehensive long-term monitoring data are lacking. Our results highlight where seagrass loss may be occurring unnoticed and where urgent conservation interventions are required to reverse loss and sustain their essential services. Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interest. (Copyright © 2021 the Author(s). Published by PNAS.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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