Experimental evidence for neonicotinoid driven decline in aquatic emerging insects.

Autor:	Barmentlo SH; Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands; S.H.Barmentlo@uva.nl., Schrama M; Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands., de Snoo GR; Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands.; Netherlands Institute of Ecology, 6700 AB Wageningen, The Netherlands., van Bodegom PM; Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands., van Nieuwenhuijzen A; Adviesbureau Haliplus, 378 46 Roseč, Czech Republic., Vijver MG; Institute of Environmental Sciences, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America [Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A] 2021 Nov 02; Vol. 118 (44).
DOI:	10.1073/pnas.2105692118
Abstrakt:	There is an ongoing unprecedented loss in insects, both in terms of richness and biomass. The usage of pesticides, especially neonicotinoid insecticides, has been widely suggested to be a contributor to this decline. However, the risks of neonicotinoids to natural insect populations have remained largely unknown due to a lack of field-realistic experiments. Here, we used an outdoor experiment to determine effects of field-realistic concentrations of the commonly applied neonicotinoid thiacloprid on the emergence of naturally assembled aquatic insect populations. Following application, all major orders of emerging aquatic insects (Coleoptera, Diptera, Ephemeroptera, Odonata, and Trichoptera) declined strongly in both abundance and biomass. At the highest concentration (10 µg/L), emergence of most orders was nearly absent. Diversity of the most species-rich family, Chironomidae, decreased by 50% at more commonly observed concentrations (1 µg/L) and was generally reduced to a single species at the highest concentration. Our experimental findings thereby showcase a causal link of neonicotinoids and the ongoing insect decline. Given the urgency of the insect decline, our results highlight the need to reconsider the mass usage of neonicotinoids to preserve freshwater insects as well as the life and services depending on them. Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interest. (Copyright © 2021 the Author(s). Published by PNAS.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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