| Autor: |
Cheah CW; Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia., Al-Namnam NM; School of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4BW, UK., Lau MN; Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia., Lim GS; Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia., Raman R; Oral Health Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Putrajaya 62590, Malaysia., Fairbairn P; Department of Periodontology and Implant Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Detroit Mercy, 2700 Martin Luther King, Jr. Boulevard, Detroit, MI 48208, USA., Ngeow WC; Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia. |
| Abstrakt: |
Alloplasts are synthetic, inorganic, biocompatible bone substitutes that function as defect fillers to repair skeletal defects. The acceptance of these substitutes by host tissues is determined by the pore diameter and the porosity and inter-connectivity. This narrative review appraises recent developments, characterization, and biological performance of different synthetic materials for bone, periodontal, and dental tissue regeneration. They include calcium phosphate cements and their variants β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) ceramics and biphasic calcium phosphates (hydroxyapatite (HA) and β-TCP ceramics), calcium sulfate, bioactive glasses and polymer-based bone substitutes which include variants of polycaprolactone. In summary, the search for synthetic bone substitutes remains elusive with calcium compounds providing the best synthetic substitute. The combination of calcium sulphate and β-TCP provides improved handling of the materials, dispensing with the need for a traditional membrane in guided bone regeneration. Evidence is supportive of improved angiogenesis at the recipient sites. One such product, (EthOss ® Regeneration, Silesden, UK) has won numerous awards internationally as a commercial success. Bioglasses and polymers, which have been used as medical devices, are still in the experimental stage for dental application. Polycaprolactone-TCP, one of the products in this category is currently undergoing further randomized clinical trials as a 3D socket preservation filler. These aforementioned products may have vast potential for substituting human/animal-based bone grafts. |
