Chemical characterisation of PM 10 from ship emissions: a study on samples from hydrofoil exhaust stacks.

Autor: Chianese E; Department of Science and Technology, University of Naples 'Parthenope', Centro Direzionale Isola C4, 80143, Napoli, Italy. elena.chianese@uniparthenope.it., Tirimberio G; Department of Science and Technology, University of Naples 'Parthenope', Centro Direzionale Isola C4, 80143, Napoli, Italy., Appolloni L; Department of Science and Technology, University of Naples 'Parthenope', Centro Direzionale Isola C4, 80143, Napoli, Italy., Dinoi A; Istituto Di Scienze Dell'Atmosfera E del Clima, ISAC-CNR, 73100, Lecce, Italy., Contini D; Istituto Di Scienze Dell'Atmosfera E del Clima, ISAC-CNR, 73100, Lecce, Italy., Di Gilio A; Department of Biology, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126, Bari, Italy., Palmisani J; Department of Biology, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126, Bari, Italy., Cotugno P; Department of Biology, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126, Bari, Italy., Miniero DV; Department of Biology, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126, Bari, Italy., Dusek U; Centre for Isotope Research (CIO) Energy and Sustainability Research Institute Groningen (ESRIG), University of Groningen, 9747 AG, Groningen, Netherlands., Cammino G; Autorità Di Sistema Portuale del Mar Tirreno Centrale, Piazzale Pisacane 80133, Napoli, Italy., Riccio A; Department of Science and Technology, University of Naples 'Parthenope', Centro Direzionale Isola C4, 80143, Napoli, Italy.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Environmental science and pollution research international [Environ Sci Pollut Res Int] 2022 Mar; Vol. 29 (12), pp. 17723-17736. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Oct 21.
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17035-y
Abstrakt: A chemical characterization of PM 10 collected at hydrofoil exhaust stacks was performed conducting two on-board measuring campaigns, with the aim of assessing the ship emission impact on PM 10 collected in the coastal area of Naples (Southern Italy) and providing information about the characteristics of this important PM emission source.Samples were analysed determining the contribution of different chemical parameters to PM 10 's mass, which consisted of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) (0.10 ± 0.12%), total carbon (61.9% ± 20.0%, with 40.4% of organic carbon, OC, and 21.5% of elemental carbon, EC) and elemental fraction (0.44% ± 1.00%). Differences in terms of composition and chemical parameter profiles were observed between samples collected during offshore navigation (Off) and samples collected during shunting operations (SO), the latter of higher concern on a local scale. For SO samples, lower contributions of OC and EC were observed (39.7% and 19.6% respectively) compared to Off samples (41.5% and 24.2%), and an increase in terms of elements (from 0.32 to 0.51%) and PAHs (from 0.06 to 0.12%) concentrations was observed. In addition, enrichment factors (EFs) for some elements such as V, Zn, Cd, Cu, Ag and Hg as well as PAHs profile varied significantly between SO and Off. Data presented here were compared with data on chemical composition of PM 10 sampled in a tunnel, in a background site and in an urban site in the city of Naples. Results indicated that shipping activities contributed significantly to the emission of V and, in some extent, Zn and Cd; in addition, PAH profiles indicated a greater contribution to urban PM 10 from vehicular traffic than shipping emissions. These results can significantly contribute to the correct evaluation of the influence of shipping emission on PM 10 generation in urban coastal areas and can be a useful reference for similar studies. The coastal area of Naples is an important example of the coexistence of residential, touristic and natural areas with pollutants emission sources including, among the others, shipping emissions. In this and similar contexts, it is important to distinguish the contribution of each emission source to clearly define environmental control policies.
(© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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