Past-year use or misuse of an opioid is associated with use of a sedative-hypnotic medication: a US National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) study.

Autor:	Tubbs AS; Sleep and Health Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, Arizona., Ghani SB; Sleep and Health Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, Arizona., Naps M; School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania., Grandner MA; Sleep and Health Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Tucson, Tucson, Arizona., Stein MD; Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.; Behavioral Medicine and Addictions Research Unit, Butler Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island., Chakravorty S; Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.; Departments of Psychiatry and Research and Development, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine [J Clin Sleep Med] 2022 Mar 01; Vol. 18 (3), pp. 809-816.
DOI:	10.5664/jcsm.9724
Abstrakt:	Study Objectives: Prescription use and misuse of opioids are linked to greater sleep disturbance. However, there are limited data on the prevalence of sedative-hypnotic medication use among persons who use opioids. Therefore, this study examined whether past-year sedative-hypnotic use among persons who used/misused opioids was higher than among individuals who did not use opioids. Methods: Data were acquired from the US National Survey on Drug Use and Health for 2015-2018. Use of a sedative benzodiazepine (temazepam, flurazepam, triazolam) or a Z-drug (eszopiclone, zaleplon, zolpidem) was examined in relation to use/misuse of an opioid within the past year. Logistic regression models estimated the associations between opioids and sedative-hypnotics using inverse probability of treatment weighting. A secondary machine learning analysis tested 6 binary classifiers to predict sedative-hypnotic use based on opioid use/misuse and other covariates. Results: Of 171,766 respondents, 24% used a prescription opioid whereas 3.6% misused an opioid in the past year. Among those who used a prescription opioid, 1.9% received a sedative benzodiazepine and 9% received a Z-drug during the same time frame. Use of an opioid was associated with greater odds of sedative benzodiazepine use (odds ratio, 4.4; 95% confidence interval, 3.61-5.4) and Z-drug use (odds ratio, 3.8; 95% confidence interval, 3.51-4.09), and stronger associations were noted for misuse of an opioid. Machine learning models accurately classified sedative-hypnotic medication use for > 70% of respondents based on opioid use/misuse. Conclusions: Sedative-hypnotic use is common among persons who use opioids, which is of concern given the elevated mortality risk with concurrent use of these substances. Citation: Tubbs AS, Ghani SB, Naps M, Grandner MA, Stein MD, Chakravorty S. Past-year use or misuse of an opiod is associated with use of a sedative-hypnotic medication: a US National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) study. J Clin Sleep Med. 2022;18(3):809-816. (© 2022 American Academy of Sleep Medicine.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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