Organophosphate esters in Great Lakes fish: An improved analysis to assess concentrations and human exposure via consumption.

Autor: Choi Y; School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea., Hao C; Laboratory Services Branch, Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks, 125 Resources Road, Toronto, Ontario M9P 3V6, Canada. Electronic address: chunyan.hao@ontario.ca., Helm PA; Environmental Monitoring & Reporting Branch, Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks, 125 Resources Road, Toronto, Ontario M9P 3V6, Canada; School of the Environment, University of Toronto, 33 Willcocks St., Suite 1016V, Toronto, ON M5S 3E8, Canada., Bhavsar SP; Environmental Monitoring & Reporting Branch, Ontario Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks, 125 Resources Road, Toronto, Ontario M9P 3V6, Canada; School of the Environment, University of Toronto, 33 Willcocks St., Suite 1016V, Toronto, ON M5S 3E8, Canada., Kim SD; School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: sdkim@gist.ac.kr.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: The Science of the total environment [Sci Total Environ] 2022 Feb 10; Vol. 807 (Pt 3), pp. 150981. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Oct 16.
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150981
Abstrakt: Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are flame retardant and plasticizer chemicals added to electronics, furniture, textiles, and other building materials and consumer products. In this study, fillets of fish often caught by anglers in the North American Great Lakes, Lake Trout (Salvelinus namaycush) across four Great Lakes and nearshore fish species near the large urban and industrial centers of Toronto and Hamilton, Canada, were analyzed for 22 OPEs. A rapid microextraction of homogenized tissues with methanol dramatically reduced preparation and sample handling time while achieving recoveries of 69-141%, and the optimized liquid chromatographic separation improved isomeric separations, including aryl-OPEs. Twelve of the 22 OPEs were detected, with frequencies of detection ranging from 8.3% to 98%, and five compounds were detected in >50% of the fish. The average ± standard deviation for the sum of 12 OPEs (ΣOPE 12 ) ranged from 9.6 ± 0.9 (L. Erie 2017) to 74 ± 44 (L. Superior 2001) ng/g wet weight in Lake Trout, and 12 ± 2.7 to 35 ± 30 ng/g wet weight in nearshore fish species from the Toronto and Hamilton areas. The aryl-OPEs were dominant in Lake Trout, comprising 32-77% of total ΣOPE 12 concentrations. In nearshore fish, the OPE patterns reflected the relative degree of exposure to run-off and wastewater inputs in the sampled receiving environments. The intake of OPEs via human consumption of Great Lakes Lake Trout and nearshore fish was estimated to range 6.5-31 ng/kg body weight/day, which is approximately 1-2 orders of magnitude lower than exposures via indoor air and ingestion/inhalation of dusts, and 3 orders of magnitude lower than estimated reference doses. The inclusion of additional OPE analytes enabled patterns of exposure and accumulation to be distinguished in fish of different species and location, and were related to source and food web influences.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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