Multi-geochemical background comparison and the identification of the best normalizer for the estimation of PTE contamination in agricultural soil.

Autor: Agyeman PC; Department of Soil Science and Soil Protection, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha 6, Suchdol, Czech Republic. agyeman@af.czu.cz., John K; Department of Soil Science and Soil Protection, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha 6, Suchdol, Czech Republic., Kebonye NM; Department of Soil Science and Soil Protection, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha 6, Suchdol, Czech Republic., Ahado SK; Department of Soil Science and Soil Protection, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha 6, Suchdol, Czech Republic., Borůvka L; Department of Soil Science and Soil Protection, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha 6, Suchdol, Czech Republic., Němeček K; Department of Soil Science and Soil Protection, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha 6, Suchdol, Czech Republic., Vašát R; Department of Soil Science and Soil Protection, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Praha 6, Suchdol, Czech Republic.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Environmental geochemistry and health [Environ Geochem Health] 2022 Oct; Vol. 44 (10), pp. 3597-3613. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Oct 18.
DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-01109-4
Abstrakt: Identifying a suitable geochemical background level (GBL) and an appropriate normalizer is imperative for ensuring soil quality, health, and security. The objective of this study was to identify the appropriate normalizer and suitable GBL for determining PTE enrichment levels in agricultural soils and investigate if there are any statistical differences due to the GBL [World Average Value (WAV) European Average Value (EAV)] used. Forty-nine topsoil samples were obtained from seven agricultural communities in the Frdek-Mstek District (Czech Republic). Portable X-ray fluorescence was used to determine the total PTEs (Cr, Ni, Cu, Y, Ba, Th, As, Pb, and Zn) concentration levels in the soil. Correlation matrix analysis was used to determine the metallic relationship between the PTEs and the normalizers (Al, Fe, Ti, Zr, Sr and Rb). Pollution indices such as contamination factor (CF), geoaccumulation index (Igeo) and enrichment factor (EF) analysis were used to determine the most suitable GBL. Al, Fe, Sr, Ti and Rb strongly correlated with the CF, Igeo and EF, whereas WAV performed better than the other geochemical background (EAV). The results indicated that Rb was the suitable normalizer and WAV was the appropriate GBL for agricultural soil and provided a foundation for evaluating and surveilling soil quality and health in agricultural soil.
(© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
Externí odkaz: