Resistance, resilience, and recovery of salt marshes in the Florida Panhandle following Hurricane Michael.

Autor: Castagno KA; Marine and Environmental Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA. kcastagno@coastalstudies.org.; The Nature Conservancy, Boston, MA, 02111, USA. kcastagno@coastalstudies.org.; Center for Coastal Studies, Provincetown, MA, 02657, USA. kcastagno@coastalstudies.org., Tomiczek T; Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, USA Naval Academy, Annapolis, MD, 21402, USA., Shepard CC; The Nature Conservancy, Gulf of Mexico Program, Big Pine Key, FL, 33043, USA., Beck MW; Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95060, USA., Bowden AA; The Nature Conservancy, Boston, MA, 02111, USA., O'Donnell K; Marine and Environmental Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA., Scyphers SB; Marine and Environmental Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Scientific reports [Sci Rep] 2021 Oct 14; Vol. 11 (1), pp. 20381. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Oct 14.
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99779-8
Abstrakt: Characterizing the fragility, resistance, and resilience of marshes is critical for understanding their role in reducing storm damages and for helping to manage the recovery of these natural defenses. This study uses high-resolution aerial imagery to quantify the impacts of Hurricane Michael, a category 5 hurricane, on coastal salt marshes in the Florida Panhandle, USA. Marsh damage was classified into several categories, including deposition of sediment or wrack, fallen trees, vegetation loss, and conversion to open water. The marshes were highly resistant to storm damages even under extreme conditions; only 2% of the 173,259 km 2 of marshes in the study area were damaged-a failure rate much lower than that of artificial defenses. Marshes may be more resistant than resilient to storm impacts; damaged marshes were slow to recover, and only 16% of damaged marshes had recovered 6 months after landfall. Marsh management mattered for resistance and resilience; marshes on publicly-managed lands were less likely to be damaged and more likely to recover quickly from storm impacts than marshes on private land, emphasizing the need to incentivize marsh management on private lands. These results directly inform policy and practice for hazard mitigation, disaster recovery, adaptation, and conservation, particularly given the potential for more intense hurricane landfalls as the climate changes.
(© 2021. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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