Salt as a non-caloric behavioral modifier: A review of evidence from pre-clinical studies.

Autor: Beaver JN; Department of Psychological Sciences & Brain Health Research Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH, 44242, USA. Electronic address: jbeave18@kent.edu., Gilman TL; Department of Psychological Sciences & Brain Health Research Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH, 44242, USA. Electronic address: tgilman@kent.edu.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews [Neurosci Biobehav Rev] 2022 Apr; Vol. 135, pp. 104385. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Oct 08.
DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.10.007
Abstrakt: Though excess salt intake is well-accepted as a dietary risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, relatively little has been explored about how it impacts behavior, despite the ubiquity of salt in modern diets. Given the challenges of manipulating salt intake in humans, non-human animals provide a more tractable means for evaluating behavioral sequelae of high salt. By describing what is known about the impact of elevated salt on behavior, this review highlights how underexplored salt's behavioral effects are. Increased salt consumption in adulthood does not affect spontaneous anxiety-related behaviors or locomotor activity, nor acquisition of maze or fear tasks, but does impede expression of spatial/navigational and fear memory. Nest building is reduced by heightened salt in adults, and stress responsivity is augmented. When excess salt exposure occurs during development, and/or to parents, offspring locomotion is increased, and both spatial memory expression and social investigation are attenuated. The largely consistent findings reviewed here indicate expanded study of salt's effects will likely uncover broader behavioral implications, particularly in the scarcely studied female sex.
(Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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