| Autor: |
Gandarilla-Esparza DD; Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular, Gómez Palacio, Durango, México., Calleros-Rincón EY; Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular, Gómez Palacio, Durango, México., Macias HM; Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, División CSH de la Unidad Iztapalapa, Departamento de Economía, Vicentina, Ciudad de México, México., González-Delgado MF; Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular, Gómez Palacio, Durango, México., Vargas GG; Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento de Investigación. Gómez Palacio, Durango, México., Sustaita JD; Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento de Investigación. Gómez Palacio, Durango, México., González-Zamora A; Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Laboratorio de Biología Evolutiva, Gómez Palacio, Durango, México., Ríos-Sánchez E; Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular, Gómez Palacio, Durango, México., Pérez-Morales R; Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Molecular, Gómez Palacio, Durango, México. |
| Abstrakt: |
Nitrates in drinking water has been associated to adverse health effects, including changes in glucose and lipid levels, thyroid hormone imbalance and adverse reproductive effects. We analyzed metabolic and thyroid hormone alterations and genotoxic damage in women with chronic exposure to nitrates in drinking water. The concentration of nitrates in drinking water was quantified and according to this parameter, participants were divided into three exposure scenarios. Blood and urine samples were collected from 420 women living in Durango, Mexico and biomarkers were determined. We found nitrates concentrations in drinking water above the permissible limit (>50 mg/L), and an increase in the percentage of methemoglobin (p=0.0001), nitrite in blood plasma and urine (p=0.0001), glucose (p=0.0001), total cholesterol (p=0.001), LDL (p=0.001) and triglycerides (p=0.0001). We also found alterations in TSH (p=0.01), fT3 (p=0.0003), T4T (p=0.01) and fT4 (p=0.0004) hormones. Frequency of subclinical hypothyroidism was 8.33%; differences in FOXE1 (rs965513, rs1867277) genotypes distribution were found and both polymorphisms were associated with a decrease in TSH. A high percentage of micronucleus in binucleate lymphocyte cells was found (35%, p=0.0001). In conclusion, the chronic exposure to nitrates in water for human consumption caused metabolic and hormonal alterations and genotoxic damage in women. |
