Term infant formula supplemented with milk-derived oligosaccharides shifts the gut microbiota closer to that of human milk-fed infants and improves intestinal immune defense: a randomized controlled trial.

Autor:	Estorninos E; Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Muntinlupa City, Philippines., Lawenko RB; Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Muntinlupa City, Philippines., Palestroque E; Asian Hospital and Medical Center, Muntinlupa City, Philippines., Sprenger N; Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research, Lausanne, Switzerland., Benyacoub J; Immunology, Nestlé Research, Lausanne, Switzerland., Kortman GAM; NIZO Food Research BV, Ede, The Netherlands., Boekhorst J; NIZO Food Research BV, Ede, The Netherlands., Bettler J; Nestlé Product Technology Center-Nutrition, Société des Produits Nestlé S.A., Vevey, Switzerland., Cercamondi CI; Nestlé Product Technology Center-Nutrition, Société des Produits Nestlé S.A., Vevey, Switzerland., Berger B; Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	The American journal of clinical nutrition [Am J Clin Nutr] 2022 Jan 11; Vol. 115 (1), pp. 142-153.
DOI:	10.1093/ajcn/nqab336
Abstrakt:	Background: Bovine milk-derived oligosaccharides (MOS) containing primarily galacto-oligosaccharides with inherent concentrations of sialylated oligosaccharides can be added to infant formula to enhance the oligosaccharide profile. Objective: To investigate the effects of an MOS-supplemented infant formula on gut microbiota and intestinal immunity. Methods: In a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial, healthy term formula-fed infants aged 21-26 d either received an intact protein cow milk-based formula (control group, CG, n = 112) or the same formula containing 7.2 g MOS/L (experimental group, EG, n = 114) until the age of 6 mo. Exclusively human milk-fed infants (HFI, n = 70) from an observational study served as the reference. Fecal samples collected at baseline, and the ages of 2.5 and 4 mo were assessed for microbiota (16S ribosomal RNA-based approaches), metabolites, and biomarkers of gut health and immune response. Results: Aged 2.5 and 4 mo, redundancy analysis (P = 0.002) and average phylogenetic distance (P < 0.05) showed that the overall microbiota composition in EG was different from CG and closer to that of HFI. Similarly, EG caesarean-born infants were different from CG caesarean- or vaginally born infants and approaching HFI vaginally born infants. Relative bifidobacteria abundance was higher in EG compared with CG (P < 0.05) approaching HFI. At the age of 4 mo, counts of Clostridioides difficile and Clostridium perfringens were ∼90% (P < 0.001) and ∼65% (P < 0.01) lower in EG compared with CG, respectively. Geometric LS mean (95% CI) fecal secretory IgA in EG was twice that of CG [70 (57, 85) compared with 34 (28, 42) mg/g, P < 0.001] and closer to HFI. Fecal oral polio vaccine-specific IgA was ∼50% higher in EG compared with CG (P = 0.065). Compared with CG, EG and HFI had lower fecal calcium excretion (by ∼30%, P < 0.005) and fecal pH (P < 0.001), and higher lactate concentration (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Infant formula with MOS shifts the gut microbiota and metabolic signature closer to that of HFI, has a strong bifidogenic effect, reduces fecal pathogens, and improves the intestinal immune response. (© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Society for Nutrition.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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