Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in workplace and house dust from Vietnam: concentrations, profiles, emission sources, and exposure risk.

Autor: Hoang AQ; Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 19 Le Thanh Tong, 11000, Hanoi, Vietnam.; Center of Advanced Technology for the Environment, Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama, 790-8566, Japan., Le TM; Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 19 Le Thanh Tong, 11000, Hanoi, Vietnam.; Center for Research and Technology Transfer, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Hanoi, 11300, Vietnam., Nguyen HMN; Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 19 Le Thanh Tong, 11000, Hanoi, Vietnam.; Ha Tinh University, Cam Vinh Commune, Cam Xuyen District, Ha Tinh, 45000, Vietnam., Le HQ; Center for Research and Technology Transfer, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Hanoi, 11300, Vietnam., Vu ND; Center for Research and Technology Transfer, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Hanoi, 11300, Vietnam., Chu NC; Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 19 Le Thanh Tong, 11000, Hanoi, Vietnam., Dang GHM; Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 19 Le Thanh Tong, 11000, Hanoi, Vietnam., Minh TB; Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 19 Le Thanh Tong, 11000, Hanoi, Vietnam., Takahashi S; Center of Advanced Technology for the Environment, Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama, 790-8566, Japan., Tran TM; Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 19 Le Thanh Tong, 11000, Hanoi, Vietnam. manhtri0908@gmail.com.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Environmental science and pollution research international [Environ Sci Pollut Res Int] 2022 Feb; Vol. 29 (10), pp. 14046-14057. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Oct 02.
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16851-6
Abstrakt: The occurrence of nine phthalic acid esters (PAEs) were determined in indoor dust samples collected from vehicle repair shops, waste processing workshops, and homes in Vietnam. Concentrations of total PAEs ranged from 585 to 153,000 (median 33,400 ng/g), which fall in the lower end of global range. The PAE levels in workplace dust (median 49,100; range 9210-153,000 ng/g) were significantly higher than those in house dust (median 23,700; range 585-83,700 ng/g), indicating waste processing activities as potential PAE sources. The most predominant compound was di-(2-ethyl)hexyl phthalate (DEHP), accounting for 62 ± 18% of total PAEs. Other major compounds were benzyl butyl phthalate (BzBP) (10 ± 12%), di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP) (9.7 ± 7.7%), di-n-octyl phthalate (DnOP) (7.9 ± 8.1%), and diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP) (6.9 ± 5.0%). Proportions of BzBP and DnBP in some workplace dust samples were markedly greater than in common house dust, suggesting specific emission sources. Daily intake doses of selected PAEs (e.g., DnBP, DiBP, BzBP, and DEHP) through dust ingestion were much lower than reference doses, implying acceptable levels of risk.
(© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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