| Autor: |
Hernandez FMO; Department of Clinical Medicine, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba 16050-680, SP, Brazil., Santos MO; Department of Clinical Medicine, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba 16050-680, SP, Brazil., Venturin GL; Department of Clinical Medicine, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba 16050-680, SP, Brazil., Bragato JP; Department of Clinical Medicine, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba 16050-680, SP, Brazil., Rebech GT; Department of Clinical Medicine, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba 16050-680, SP, Brazil., Melo LM; Department of Clinical Medicine, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba 16050-680, SP, Brazil., Costa SF; Department of Clinical Medicine, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba 16050-680, SP, Brazil., de Freitas JH; Department of Clinical Medicine, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba 16050-680, SP, Brazil., Siqueira CE; Department of Clinical Medicine, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba 16050-680, SP, Brazil., Morais DA; Toxicology and Metals Essentiality Department, School of Pharmaceutical Scienses, Sao Paulo University (USP), Ribeirão Preto 14040-903, SP, Brazil., Júnior WTS; Toxicology and Metals Essentiality Department, School of Pharmaceutical Scienses, Sao Paulo University (USP), Ribeirão Preto 14040-903, SP, Brazil., Júnior FB; Toxicology and Metals Essentiality Department, School of Pharmaceutical Scienses, Sao Paulo University (USP), Ribeirão Preto 14040-903, SP, Brazil., Lopes FL; Clinics Department Production and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba 16050-680, SP, Brazil., de Lima VMF; Department of Clinical Medicine, Surgery and Animal Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba 16050-680, SP, Brazil. |
| Abstrakt: |
Canine leishmaniasis (CanL) is a chronic disease caused by Leishmania infantum , and the limitations of the current treatments have encouraged new alternatives, such as the use of immunomodulatory nutrients. The objective of this study was to determine the serum levels of vitamin A (retinol), vitamin D (25(OH)VD 3 ), and zinc (Zn) in dogs with CanL and the effect of in vitro supplementation with the respective active forms ATRA, 1,25(OH) 2 VD 3 , and SZn on spleen leukocyte cultures. Serum retinol, 25(OH)VD 3 , and Zn were determined by HPLC, ELISA, and ICP-MS, respectively. Spleen leukocyte cultures were used for the detection of NO and ROS by flow cytometry; the IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-10 levels were determined by ELISA; and the parasite load was determined by microscopy. We detected low serum levels of retinol and Zn and high levels of 25(OH)VD 3 in the CanL group. The in vitro supplementation of CanL spleen leukocytes with ATRA, 1,25(OH) 2 VD 3 , and SZn, in addition to a soluble leishmania antigen (SLA) treatment, increased the NO and ROS levels, while the treatments with only ATRA and SZn increased the TNF-a levels. Increased IL-10 and IFN-g levels were observed with the addition of SLA to the medium, although the addition of the three nutrients led to a reduction of the IL-10 levels, and the addition of 1,25(OH) 2 VD 3 and SZn led to a reduction of IFN-g. A supplementation with 1,25(OH) 2 VD 3 and SZn reduced the parasite load but only in the absence of SLA. We suggest that the nutrients we tested are involved in the leishmanicidal mechanism, showing a potential for investigation in future studies. |
