| Autor: |
Fazzi-Gomes PF; Laboratório de Humana e Médica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Augusto Correa, 1, Belém 66075-110, Brazil., Aguiar JDP; Universidade Federal do Pará, Campus Bragança, Alameda Leandro Ribeiro s/n, Bragança 68600-000, Brazil., Marques D; Laboratório de Humana e Médica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Augusto Correa, 1, Belém 66075-110, Brazil., Fonseca Cabral G; Laboratório de Humana e Médica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Augusto Correa, 1, Belém 66075-110, Brazil., Moreira FC; Laboratório de Humana e Médica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Augusto Correa, 1, Belém 66075-110, Brazil., Rodrigues MDN; Laboratório de Genética Aplicada, Instituto de Recursos Aquáticos e Socioambientais, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Avenida Presidente Tancredo Neves, 2501, Belem 66077-830, Brazil., Silva CS; Laboratório de Humana e Médica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Augusto Correa, 1, Belém 66075-110, Brazil., Hamoy I; Laboratório de Genética Aplicada, Instituto de Recursos Aquáticos e Socioambientais, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Avenida Presidente Tancredo Neves, 2501, Belem 66077-830, Brazil., Santos S; Laboratório de Humana e Médica, Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Augusto Correa, 1, Belém 66075-110, Brazil. |
| Abstrakt: |
The Amazonian symbol fish Arapaima gigas is the only living representative of the Arapamidae family. Environmental pressures and illegal fishing threaten the species' survival. To protect wild populations, a national regulation must be developed for the management of A. gigas throughout the Amazon basin. Moreover, the reproductive genetic management and recruitment of additional founders by aquaculture farms are needed to mitigate the damage caused by domestication. To contribute to the sustainable development, we investigated the genetic diversity of wild and cultivated populations of A. gigas and developed a panel composed by 12 microsatellite markers for individual and population genetic tracing. We analyzed 368 samples from three wild and four farmed populations. The results revealed low rates of genetic diversity in all populations, loss of genetic diversity and high inbreeding rates in farmed populations, and genetic structuring among wild and farmed populations. Genetic tracing using the 12 microsatellite markers was effective, and presented a better performance in identifying samples at the population level. The 12-microsatellite panel is appliable to the legal aspects of the trade of the A. gigas , such as origin discrimination, reproductive genetic management by DNA profiling, and evaluation and monitoring of genetic diversity. |
