| Autor: |
Nizamudeen ZA; School of Medicine, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK., Xerri R; School of Pharmacy, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK., Parmenter C; School of Pharmacy, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK., Suain K; School of Pharmacy, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK., Markus R; School of Life Sciences, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK., Chakrabarti L; School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, Sutton Bonington Campus, The University of Nottingham, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK., Sottile V; School of Medicine, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK.; Department of Molecular Medicine, The University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy. |
| Abstrakt: |
Low-power sonication is widely used to disaggregate extracellular vesicles (EVs) after isolation, however, the effects of sonication on EV samples beyond dispersion are unclear. The present study analysed the characteristics of EVs collected from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) after sonication, using a combination of transmission electron microscopy, direct stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy, and flow cytometry techniques. Results showed that beyond the intended disaggregation effect, sonication using the lowest power setting available was enough to alter the size distribution, membrane integrity, and uptake of EVs in cultured cells. These results point to the need for a more systematic analysis of sonication procedures to improve reproducibility in EV-based cellular experiments. |
